If you are adding a branch circuit, go to your local home improvement center and buy a book. It will tell you how to do the job legally and serve as a handy reference while doing the job. If you want to replace your main panel, hire a professional. It is a big job that must be inspected and done by a licenced professional. Finally, I will add do it right or don't do it at all. If you are negligent you could easily kill someone through fire or electrocution. If you read and do your homework and learn what it required you may find that small electrical repairs can be quick and easy. If you can't understand what you need to do hire an electrician. The cost of a professional is not worth the time you will waste if you don't understand what you are doing and the danger therein.
Look to see if the 30 amp panel is fed with a two wire or a three wire. If it is a two wire then you are out of luck. If the panel is fed with a three wire then the panel should have the neutral terminated in the panel. It is this neutral that you need for 120 volt connections. You didn't state how many panel slots there are in the panel. If you are able install a 15 amp breaker into the panel and connect the wires going to the load. The black wire will go to the breaker and the white wire will go to the neutral bar in the panel.
A short, which will trip the main breaker.
In the United States, if the wire is #8 copper or larger (smaller number) it will work fine on a 40 amp breaker. If the wire is #10 copper, there is something wrong with the breaker if it does not fit. Pull the breaker out of the panel and look into where the wire terminates to see why the #10 wire won't fit.
Most likely the ground (green) wire is mistakenly connected to hot instead of the hot wire (black) at the breaker panel! Possibly you meant the neutral wire not the ground wire, in that case most likely the neutral (white) wire is mistakenly connected to hot instead of the hot wire (black) at the breaker panel! In either case check all three wires in the breaker panel for that circuit to make sure they are all correctly connected! Black is hot, White is neutral, Green (or uninsulated in some cases) is ground.
For a 100 Amp breaker panel it would be 2 AWG. For 150 Amps it would require 2/0 (2 ought) aluminum wire.
A #3 copper conductor with an insulation factor of 90 degrees C is rated at 115 amps. Even though the panel is rated at a higher amperage it is the main breaker that governs the wire size.
The white wire would go to the neutral bar. Just be sure of the shunt trip voltage required for the breaker and land the white wire on the appropriate neutral bar in the correct panel.
The panel and breaker have to be of the same manufacturer. This way the breaker will fit into the panel. If the panel has a push in bus bar, the breaker must also be the type to accept the bus bar. If the bus bars in the panel are of the bolt in type then the breaker also has to be a bolt in breaker.
Yes, if you are running it no farther than 100 feet. If you are going over 100 feet use AWG # 10 wire on the 20 amp breaker.
If this is is exactly what you are seeing then the breaker will not be resettable. The breaker will instantaneously trip. If the identified conductor comes into the distribution panel from an external circuit then this is another scenario.
Yes.Additional InformationBreakers and fuses protect the wires to prevent fire. The 100 Amp breaker in the meter base (main) protects the wire from the meter base to the breaker panel. The 50 Amp breaker in the breaker panel protects the wire from the breaker panel to the outlet. Sometimes the 100 amp main breaker is located in the panel.If you are asking "Can you use two 50 amp breakers for the main breakers with a 100 amp service, then yes you can. The National Electrical Code allows you to use up to 6 breakers as the main overcurrent protection.
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