If you think about your lens like a papertowel tube over your eye. Now constrict the tube so that it is thinner. This is what the aperature ring does on the end of your lens; it constricts the light flow so that you don't have overexposed images, or helps you to bring out certain colors if you are doing artistic shots. Experiment with changing the aperature in the same setting, you will understand how it works. If you happen to have a non-digital lens lying around, change the aperature off the body, and you will have a perfect understanding how it works.
The smaller the aperture, the more light enters the camera and onto the film. Also, the higher the aperture number the better the depth of field.
Time and Aperture
Exposure is the combination of aperture and shutter speed. Aperture (measured in f-stops) determines the amount of light that will enter your camera. Shutter speed (measured in seconds) determines the amount of time that the shutter will stay open to allow light to enter.
Aperture has two primary effects: first, it regulates how much light is admitted through the lens, so it controls exposure. Second, it regulates the angle of the cone of light rays that are being focused; a smaller aperture results in a sharper image and greater depth of field.
Possible over and or under-exposure. But basically, in English, it effects the brightness/exposure of your image.
The "exposure triangle" in photography applies to the balancing of three controls available to the camera user : aperture, exposure, and film speed. Aperture setting governs the light received, exposure the total light over time, and film speed the resultant image recorded from that light.
shutter speed and lens aperture
The Nikon FG.It has manual,aperture priority,and auto exposure.
Shutter speed, aperture, and ISO are the three main factors that control exposure in photography. Shutter speed determines how long the sensor is exposed to light, aperture controls the amount of light entering the camera, and ISO adjusts the camera's sensitivity to light.
The answer is Aperture. The Shutter Speed does not affect Flash output. You can prove this by setting up a camera with a flash in a room where you can control the lighting. Photograph an object in the room until you determine the best flash exposure...such as F 5.6, F 8, etc. Now that you know the F stop (aperture) that allows the proper amount of flash, turn off the room lights so that there is virtually no ambient light in the room. Leaving your camera set to the correct aperture (F stop), take different exposures by changing the shutter speed each time while not changing the aperture. You will see for yourself that the flash exposure is the same with each exposure even if you try one shutter speed at 1/60 and another at 1/2 second. The shutter speeds would only make a difference in the overall exposure if there was existing ambient light...then the exposure would become light or darker depending on the shutter speed. With a slower shutter speed the scene would be brighter as more ambient light was taken in, but the shutter speed did not affect the flash, only the ambient light.
An aperture ring affects the SLR camera because you turn it to adjust light and focus.
A manual camera is a camera that does not have any automated functions, like film transport that winds the film, or exposure modes like shutter or aperture priority. Most manual cameras also do not have auto-focus capability.