Talambuhay ni Charles Darwin?
Si Charles Robert Darwin (Pebrero 12 1809-Abril 19 1882) ay isang naturalista Briton na nagkamit ng pangmatagalang kasikatan bilang tagapagsimula ng teoriya ng ebolusyon ng mga hayop sa pamamagitan ng likas na pagpili (natural selection). Ipinanganak siya sa Shrewsbury, Shropshire, Inglatera.
Nagkaroon siya ng interes sa likas na kasaysayan habang nag-aaral ng medisina noong una, pagkatapos teolohiya, sa isang pamantasan sa Inglatera. Nagbigay sa kaniya ng katanyagan bilang isang heolohista at bilang isang sikat na may-akda pagkatapos ng limang taon paglalayag sa Beagle. Ang kaniyang mga pagmamasid sa biyolohiya ang nagdala sa kaniya upang pag-aralan ang transmutasyon ng mga specie at maisulong ang kaniyang teoriya ng likas na pagpili noon 1838. Lubos na nalalaman niya na magkaroon ng reaksyon ang teoriya niya, ipinagkatiwala niya lamang ito sa mga malalapit na kaibigan at sinaliksik ang inaasahang mga pagsalungat, ngunit noong 1858, ang impormasyon ni Alfred Russel Wallace na may teoriyang din katulad nito ang napilitang magkaroon ng naunang pagsasama sa pagpapalimbag ng teoriya ni Darwin.
Noong 1859, ang kaniyang aklat na The Origin of Species (Ang Pinagmulan ng mga Specie) ay itinatag ang ebolusyon sa pamamagitan ng karaniwang kanunuan (common descent) bilang ang namamayaning teoriyang pang-agham ng pagkakaiba sa kalikasan. Ipinagpatuloy niya ang pagsaliksik at sinulat niya ang mga aklat tungkol sa mga halaman at hayop, na kabilang ngayon ang tao sa The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex (Ang Kanunuan ng Tao at ang Pagpili na may Kaugnayan sa Kasarian) at The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (Ang Ekspresyon ng mga Emosyon ng Tao at ng mga Hayop). Tungkol naman sa mga bulate ang kaniyang huling aklat.
Sa pagkilala sa kaniyang katanyagan, inilibing si Darwin sa Westminster Abbey, malapit kina Sir William Herschel at Sir Isaac Newton.
Nagkaroon siya ng interes sa likas na kasaysayan habang nag-aaral ng medisina noong una, pagkatapos teolohiya, sa isang pamantasan sa Inglatera. Nagbigay sa kaniya ng katanyagan bilang isang heolohista at bilang isang sikat na may-akda pagkatapos ng limang taon paglalayag sa Beagle. Ang kaniyang mga pagmamasid sa biyolohiya ang nagdala sa kaniya upang pag-aralan ang transmutasyon ng mga specie at maisulong ang kaniyang teoriya ng likas na pagpili noon 1838. Lubos na nalalaman niya na magkaroon ng reaksyon ang teoriya niya, ipinagkatiwala niya lamang ito sa mga malalapit na kaibigan at sinaliksik ang inaasahang mga pagsalungat, ngunit noong 1858, ang impormasyon ni Alfred Russel Wallace na may teoriyang din katulad nito ang napilitang magkaroon ng naunang pagsasama sa pagpapalimbag ng teoriya ni Darwin.
Noong 1859, ang kaniyang aklat na The Origin of Species (Ang Pinagmulan ng mga Specie) ay itinatag ang ebolusyon sa pamamagitan ng karaniwang kanunuan (common descent) bilang ang namamayaning teoriyang pang-agham ng pagkakaiba sa kalikasan. Ipinagpatuloy niya ang pagsaliksik at sinulat niya ang mga aklat tungkol sa mga halaman at hayop, na kabilang ngayon ang tao sa The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex (Ang Kanunuan ng Tao at ang Pagpili na may Kaugnayan sa Kasarian) at The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (Ang Ekspresyon ng mga Emosyon ng Tao at ng mga Hayop). Tungkol naman sa mga bulate ang kaniyang huling aklat.
Sa pagkilala sa kaniyang katanyagan, inilibing si Darwin sa Westminster Abbey, malapit kina Sir William Herschel at Sir Isaac Newton.
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In Helen Keller
Talambuhay ni Helen Keller?
Helen Keller was born on June 27, 1880, in Tuscumbia, Alabama. She was the first person who was both deaf and blind to earn a bachelor of arts degree. She was an author, l…ecturer, and political activist. (MORE)
Answered
Talambuhay ni Emilio jacinto?
Si Emilio Jacinto ay isang rebolusyonaryong Pilipino noong panahon ng Himagsikan (1896) na naging isa sa mga magagaling na lider ng Katipunan. Ang kanyang katalinuhan ay napak…inabangan noong panahon ng rebolusyon. Siya ang tinaguriang "Utak ng Katipunan". Siya ang nagsulat ng Kartilya ng Katipunan at nag-edit ng Kalayaan--ang dyaryo na ginamit ng Katipunan sa pagpapamahagi ng impormasyon. Siya ay isinilang noong Disyembre 15, 1875 sa Trozo, Maynila. Ang kanyang mga magulang ay sina Mariano Jacinto at Josefa Dizon. Solong itinaguyod ng ina ni Emilio bilang isang kumadrona ang buhay nila mula nang mamatay ang kanyang ama. Dahil sa kahirapan, si Emilio ay tumira sa kanyang tiyuhin. Si Emilio ay nag-aral sa Colegio de San Juan de Letran at kumuha ng abogasya sa Unibersidad ng Santo Tomas subalit ito ay natigil nang siya ay sumapi sa Katipunan noong 1896. Sa edad na 19, siya ay naging isa sa mga pinuno ng Katipunan at naging tagapayo, kalihim at piskal ni Andres Bonifacio. Nang mamatay si Bonifacio, ipinagpatuloy ni Jacinto ang paglaban sa mga Kastila bagamat Hindi siya sumali sa puwersa ni Emilio Aguinaldo. Sa isang sagupaan sa Majayjay, Laguna, si Jacinto ay lubhang nasugatan at binawian ng buhay sa sakit na malaria noong ika-16 ng Abril, 1899 sa edad na 23. (MORE)
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In Biography
Talambuhay ni ildefonso Santos?
Si Ildefonso P. Santos[1] ay isang makata na isinilang sa bayan ng Malabon, sa nayon ng Baritan noong ika-23 ng Enero, 1897. Kaisa-isang anak siya nina Andres Santos at …Atanacia Santiago. Nahilig si Ildefonso sa pagsusulat ng mga tula dahil sa kanyang pinsang si Leonardo Dianzon na isang makata na naglalathala sa babasahing Ang Mithi. Si Dianzon ang nakatuklas kay Ildefonso nang mabasa niya ang tula ng pag-ibig na sinulat ni Ildefonso. Si Iñigo Ed Regalado ay humanga rin kay Ildefonso. Doon na nagsimula ang kanyang pagsulat ng mga tula. Ginamit niyang sagisag-panulat ang Ilaw Silangan.[1] Natapos si Ildefonso Santos ng kursong edukasyon. Nang simulang ipaturo ang Pambansang Wika, siya ang kauna-unahang nagturo ng Pilipino sa National Teacher's College. Nagturo rin siya sa Baguio Vocational Normal School. Hindi lamang siya guro, siya ay mahusay na tagapagsaling-wika at makata. Si Ildefonso Santos ay isa sa mga kinikilalang manunulat sa Tagalog noong panahon ng Amerikano. Kahanga-hanga ang kariktan ng kanyang mga tula dahil sa pananalitang ginamit niya. Isa raw siya sa mahusay at maingat magsulat ng mga tula avon sa mga kritiko. Ang kanyang mga tula ay simple at karaniwan, ngunit puna ng diwa at damdamin. Ang ilan sa kanyang mga tula na mababanggit ay Tatlong Inakay, Gabi, Ang Guryon, Sa Tabi ng Dagat, Ulap at Mangingisda. May mga tanaga rin siyang naisulat tulad ng Palay, Kabibi at Tag-init. Siya ay ama ni Ildefonso P. Santos, Jr. na Pambansang Alagad ng Sining ng Pilipinas para sa Arkitektura noong taong 2000. -Khate :)) (MORE)
The Legacy of Charles Drew
The work of African-American physician Charles Drew continues to save lives to this day. His did most of his research in the field of blood transfusions. As a result of that r…esearch, vastly improved techniques were developed for the storage of blood, making large scale blood banks available during World War II and beyond. Today, many medical institutions and facilities have been fittingly named in his honor.Drew was born to a middle class African-American family in Washington, DC in 1904. He grew up in the Foggy Bottom neighborhood and attended Dunbar High School. He graduated from Amherst College in 1922 on an athletic scholarship. He was a member of the Omega Psi fraternity there. His medical education took place at McGill University in Montreal, Canada.Drew received more than his M.D. at McGill University. He also received a master's degree in surgery, ranking 2nd in his class of 127 students. He later became the first African-American to earn a doctorate in medical science from Columbia University. His academic career did not end at that point. He went on to a distinguished teaching and research career as well.The year was 1940, and the United States has not yet become involved in World War II. Even though Drew had yet to complete his doctorate, he was selected by John Scudder to set up a program for the storage and preservation of blood. His task would be to collect, transport, and store large quantities of plasma for storage in Great Britain. A central location was set up where Americans could go to donate blood for British soldiers. Over 15,000 people did so, and over 5,500 vials of blood were collected. This work ultimately led to the creation of the American Red Cross' blood bank. Beginning in the year 1939, Drew attended an annual free clinic at Tuskegee, Alabama's John A. Andrew Memorial Hospital. In the year 1950, on April 1, Drew and three other black physicians had decided to drive to the clinic instead of flying. He had performed surgery the night before, and his fatigue resulted in the loss of vehicular control. The car careened into a nearby field before flipping three times. The three other physicians escaped with only minor injuries, but Drew did not survive the accident.There has been a rumor circulated since his death that Drew was denied a blood transfusion at a local hospital because of his race before bleeding to death. This has since been proven to be nothing more than an urban legend. Dr. John Ford was one of the three physicians traveling with Drew, and according to his account, they "all received the very best of care." The actual cause of Drew's death was a superior vena caval syndrome. In other words, the blood was blocked from getting back to his heart from his brain.Drew's legacy made an impact in terms of American race relations as well. The fact that he protested the racial segregation of blood donations (because it lacks any scientific basis) nearly cost him his job at one point. He was also the first African-American to serve on the American Board of Surgery as an examiner. Every life that is saved by a blood transfusion further contributes to his lasting legacy.Since his passing, Drew has been honored in many ways. For example, the U.S. Postal Service issued a 35 cent stamp in his honor as part of its Great American series. One of the US Navy's dry cargo ships has been christened the USS Charles Drew. (MORE)
In Cases
Overview of the Charles Manson Murders
Charles Manson is one of the most notorious murderers in American history, and may even be one of the most well-known serial killers in the world. Manson's early childhood tel…ls the story of desperate beginnings that eventually gave way to decades of crime. By the late 1960s, Charles Manson moved past his petty criminal activity and began entering the gruesome world of murder. The Charles Manson murders continue to inspire horror in those who take an interest in serial killers and have even inspired musicians and artists.Charles Manson was born in 1934 in Ohio to an alcoholic mother and an unknown father. According to one popular account, Manson's mother attempted to exchange him for a pitcher of beer with a childless waitress, only for his uncle to retrieve him several days later. Manson lived with various family members during his mother's imprisonment. Eventually, Manson began spending his life in various boys' schools, as his mother lost her desire to care for him entirely. In his early adult years Manson engaged in petty crime. His crimes included burglary and forging U.S. Treasury checks, which both resulted in suspended sentences and jail time. Eventually, Manson moved on to form a cult group known as "The Family." Manson's cult led to him developing a God-like status as well as a close relationship with Dennis Wilson of "The Beach Boys."In 1968, Charles Manson's cult began to gather force as his friendship with Dennis Wilson led to the female members effectively acting as their willing servants. For a while, "The Family" lived with Wilson in his Hollywood mansion. Eventually, Wilson's manager took control of the situation and had the cult evicted. "The Family" relocated to a ranch. Manson began convincing his cult that he was privy to prophetic knowledge of the world's future demise, claiming that a race war was imminent. Manson attracted hundreds of followers but a small handful were particularly fascinated by his prophetic messages. This meant they were willing to act on his wishes, which eventually led to the August 1969 murders.Although Manson's conviction states he is a murderer, Manson was not the individual who carried out the killings. Instead, Manson incited murder by convincing his followers to do his work for him. The most famous murders took place at the property of Roman Polanski, where the heavily pregnant actress Sharon Tate was staying with friends. Manson and his followers drove to the property and killed Tate plus three others. The next night, the group made their way to the home of Leno LaBianca, a wealthy supermarket executive. There, Manson's followers killed Leno and his wife. Including Tate's unborn child, "The Family" killed seven people.Police officers arrested the Manson group for vandalism initially. While in detention, Susan Atkins began confessing to the murders. Upon recording Atkins' confession, the authorities began to realize that the group were responsible for the LaBianca and Tate murders. As the criminal trial was underway, the prosecution realized that Manson's following believed he was a messiah. Manson convinced them that a nuclear attack was imminent and that people of African descent would rule the world. Further to this, he convinced them that these individuals could not rule effectively and that "The Family" should mentor them. While being quizzed, the Manson group admitted that they also wanted to target Elizabeth Taylor, Tom Jones, and other prominent stars. Manson's lawyer dropped him to represent another member of the group only to disappear and be found dead months later. The majority of the Manson group received death sentences. However, when California temporarily abolished the death penalty, they received life sentences instead.Today, the Manson murders continue to shock the world. In 2013, California's state authorities announced that recordings from Manson's lawyer may indicate that the group carried out more murders. Since his incarceration, Manson's life has inspired macabre music in artists like "Marilyn Manson" and "Guns and Roses." Although Manson did not physically murder anyone himself, his part in the killings was tantamount to murder.Manson claimed that the Beatles' song "Helter Skelter" inspired him to carry out his race war. Paul McCartney wrote the song in 1967. It was subsequently released in 1968, which was when Manson's cult really began to gather force. (MORE)
In History
KNOW YOUR FASHION HISTORY: Charles James
Meet Charles James, the genius couturier and best-kept secret in American fashion design history.… (MORE)
In Secularism
A Brief Timeline Of Evolution
The Theory of Evolution is a science-based approach to the evolution of life on earth. The theory of Creationism, in contrast, stipulates that life on earth arose from biblica…l events. Since its foundation in the 1700s, the theory of evolution has evolved and expanded with important discoveries and contributions from naturalists, biologists, and geneticists. Significant scientific findings by early theorists, including Charles Darwin, established the foundational principles of evolutionary theory. Modern evolutionary theorists have adopted a synthetic theory of evolution, which combines Charles Darwin's concept of natural selection, Gregor Mendel's work on genetic inheritance, and relevant research and data that has been collected by field biologists, population geneticists, and molecular biologists. The field of evolutionary theory has had a fruitful past, and continues to grow and expand with continued introduction of new scientific knowledge and discoveries. Below is a brief timeline of significant people, discoveries, and events that have formed the backbone of the secular Theory of Evolution throughout history. In the early 1700s, French scientist Baron Georges Cuvier made several significant contributions to evolutionary theory through his research and discoveries. Cuvier introduced the concept of catastrophism, through which he postured that extinctions were caused by global catastrophes. Cuvier also extensively investigated fossils, and found that fossils farther below the earth's surface did not match those closer to the surface. Lastly, Cuvier introduced the then novel concept that life on earth did not spawn from one single event. In 1735, Carolus Linnaeus, a Swedish scientist, established a new common naming system for identifying species. Linnaeus introduced the concept of the modern binomial nomenclature naming system in "Systema Naturae." Linnaeus also introduced the theory that many new species were formed from a few species. Lastly, through scientific research, Linnaeus discovered that hybrid species could be created through crossbreeding between species. In 1809, Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, a French naturalist, published his theory of evolution. Lamarck's work introduced the concept of the use/disuse theory, which served as a model theory for successive evolutionary theorists. The premise of Lamarck's theory was that evolution occurred through the inheritance of acquired characteristics, and that those traits could be passed on to successive generations. Lamarck also introduced the concept of spontaneous generation, which states that living organisms arising from non-living matter create new species. Additionally, Lamarck's research was the first scientific evidence to show a positive correlation between a species' ability to adapt and a higher rate of survival. Charles Darwin is perhaps the most famous individual associated with evolutionary theory. In 1859, Darwin published his first book on evolutionary theory, titled "The Origin of Species." Darwin's book quickly gained popularity upon its release. Through his work, Darwin presented evidence that diversity of life on earth arose by a common descent through a branching pattern of evolution. Darwin's book also introduced the scientific theory that populations evolve over successive generations through the process of natural selection. The information that Darwin presented in "The Origin of Species" was a culmination of his findings through research, correspondence, and experimentation. "The Origin of Species" is considered to be the foundation of evolutionary biology. In the late 1800s and early 1900s, the scope of the Darwinian concept of natural selection was expanded to include scientific discoveries and concepts unknown to Darwin, including DNA and heredity. In 1892, August Weismann introduced the notion that DNA plays a crucial role in the study of heredity. Weismann also published findings that led to the generation of the germ cell theory, which states that inheritance is derived from germ cells, including egg and sperm, and that other cells do not pass along their genes. In 1943, cumulative research from several biologists and hereditists verified that DNA is the genetic material by which inheritance passes from one generation to the next, and is the blueprint for evolution. The earliest contributions and developments surrounding the theory of evolution date back to the early 1700s. Research and evidence presented by early theorists, including Baron Georges Cuvier and Carolus Linnaeus, introduced concepts of species survival, adaptation, and naming systems. The publication of the first theory of evolution, a work of scientific research and analysis conducted by French naturalist Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, set the stage for development of future evolutionary theories. In 1859, Charles Darwin's publication of "The Origin of Species" transformed the field of evolutionary biology, and formed the same principles and concepts upon which many modern evolutionary theories of the 19th and 20th centuries were based. The field of evolutionary theory is ever changing and continues to evolve and expand with the introduction of additional scientific knowledge and discoveries. Prior to publication of Darwin's "The Origin of Species," there was strong competition among many leading evolutionary theorists to have their names and work recognized. Darwin's primary competitor was Alfred Russel Wallace, a biologist who published a paper in 1858 that reached similar conclusions to Darwin's subsequent findings, including natural selection. Darwin's friends presented both Wallace's and Darwin's work at the 1858 Linnean Society. While the works of both scientists were significant, Darwin stole the spotlight with the publication of "The Origin of Species" in the following year. (MORE)
Galapagos Islands: Geography, History and Attractions
Adventure travelers who are looking to explore uncharted and isolated territories will definitely come close by booking a trip to the Galapagos Islands. Recognized as one of t…he World Heritage Sites by UNESCO, the islands are located in the Pacific Ocean and is about 621 miles from the continent of South America. From the coastline of Ecuador, one has to travel about 600 miles in order to reach the cluster of islands. For millions of years, the islands have been isolated from the rest of the world and the Galapagos Islands geography has been home to many of the rarest plants and animals on the planet.The Galapagos Islands geography is definitely an interesting one. Basically, the island consists of 13 central islands. However, if one is to count the islands and islets that form the entire region, the total will reach up to 61. Espanola and Isabela are two of the main islands that are popular among tourists. Another interesting thing about the Galapagos Islands geography is that it is constantly changing due to the frequency of volcanic activities and erosion that occur on the island.A lot of people from around the world can now have the chance to see the Galapagos Islands up close, but there is no doubt that the islands' most famous visitor is none other then Charles Darwin himself. Darwin reached the islands in 1835 during one of his voyages. This visit to the islands is said to be the main factor behind Darwin's theory of evolution and natural selection. Like many of the Galapagos Islands visitors of today, Darwin was awed by the abundance of rare and unique species that inhabit the islands.The entire region of the Galapagos Islands is an attraction all by itself, but there are some specific sights that you should be sure to include in your itinerary. One of these sights is the Charles Darwin Research Station. Here, you can visit an enclosure that lets you come face to face with the famed giant tortoises of the Galapagos Islands. You can also visit a tortoise nursery where you can see baby tortoises being cared for. The Lava Tubes are also a popular attraction on the Galapagos Islands. This amazing natural phenomenon was the result of flowing molten lava. The outer skin of this flow solidified and turned into an underground tunnel.Scuba divers who are looking for an unparalleled diving experience should try visiting the underwater territory of the Galapagos Islands. Divers will get to witness a range of underwater creatures such as hammerheads, manta rays, whale sharks and different species of seahorses. However, keep in mind that the diving sites in the islands are not for beginners. This is because the waters tend to have powerful currents and can become cold and murky at certain times during the year. However, the gentler waters of Academy Bay are ideal for those who only have little scuba diving experience.Dubbed as a living museum, the Galapagos Islands are an unparalleled destination for any traveler who is interested in nature, history or marine life. The islands are known to have been the inspiration behind Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection which was discussed in his famous book The Origin of Species. Indeed, the Galapagos Islands geography is home to some of the rarest and oldest creatures in the world, such as the giant tortoises and the Komodo Dragon. Experienced divers can also have the time of their lives exploring the underwater features of the islands. Don't feel like going for a dive? You can also visit the island's research station where hundreds of scientists and researchers are at work.June 2012 marked the tragic death of Lonesome George, one of Galapagos Islands' most important features. Lonesome George was a Pinto tortoise, the only survivor of his species. (MORE)
In History
KNOW YOUR FASHION HISTORY: Haute Couture & Charles Frederick Worth
Although the Haute Couture is a fashion institution *très français* - it was actually created by an enterprising Englishman! Charles Frederick Worth had talent, …flair, people skills and a vision that is still thriving almost 150 years later. (MORE)
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In Cory Aquino
Talambuhay ni Cory Aquino?
August 1, 2009 Former Philippine President Corazon Aquino, icon of people power in the Philippines and around the world, passed away at 3:18 am Saturday, her son, Senator Beni…gno Aquino III, said. The official cause of death was cardiorespiratory arrest. The 76-year-old Aquino was diagnosed with colon cancer in March of last year and was treated with chemotherapy. Last May, she underwent surgery to remove parts of her colon and was brought to the Makati Medical Center (MMC) in June due to loss of appetite. She never left the hospital, as her declining condition sparked a wave of emotion in the country and prompted the widespread appearance of yellow ribbons - on trees, car antennas, and even the Web. "She would have wanted us to thank each and everyone of you for all your continued love and support. It was her wish for all of us to pray for one another and for our country," Senator Aquino said. "Hinihiling ng aming pamilya ng kaunting panahon para makasama ang aming ina." He added that they chose a private funeral arrangement for the late president rather than avail of a state funeral in Malacañang. [See: No state funeral for Aquino] After being confined for barely two months at the MMC, Mrs. Aquino passed away early Saturday morning surrounded by her children. Celebrity host and family friend Boy Abunda was inside Mrs. Aquinos hospital room during the final moments of the former president's bout with cancer. "They were praying the sorrowful mystery Doon niya hininga ang … (MORE)
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In Biography
Talambuhay ni Magellan?
Kapanganakan at kabataan Ipinanganak si Magellan sa Sabrosa (malapit sa Vila Real, sa lalawigan ng Trás-dos-Montes sa hilagang Portugal) o sa Porto. Anak ng alkalde ng bayan,… si Pedro Rui de Magalhães, at ni Alda de Mesquita, mayroon siyang dalawang kapatid: sina Diogo de Sousa, ipinangalan mula sa kanilang lola, at si Isabel. Pumanaw ang mga magulang ni Magellan nang siya ay sampung taong gulang pa lamang. Sa edad na 12, naging pahe o page siya kay Haring João II at Reyna Eleonora sa kanilang kaharian sa kabisera ng Lisboa, kung saan naroon din ang kanyang kuya. doon din nya nakita si ENRIQUE ang taga-sumatra na gagamitin nyang interpreter sa balak nyang pagtuklas sa Maluku (moluccas, spice island).Kasama ang pinsang si Francisco Serrano, ipinagpatuloy ni Magellan ang pag-aaral at nakahiligan ang heograpiya at astronomiya. Tinataya ng ilan na maaaring naging guro niya si Martin Behaim. Noong 1496, naging eskudero o squire si Magellan. Sa edad na 20, nagsimulang maglayag si Magellan. Noong 1505 ay inatasan siyang magtungo sa Indiya upang hirangin si Francisco de Almeida bilang birrey o viceroy at magtatag ng mga base militar at pangdagat doon. Dito siya unang napasabak sa isang labanan: nang ang isang lokal na hari roon ay tumangging magbayad ng tributo, lumaban sina Almeida at tuluyang nasakop ang Muslim na lunsod ng Kilwa sa lupaing ngayon ay Tanzania. Kamatayan Nakarating si Magellan sa isla ng Homonhon sa Pilipinas noong 16 Marso 1521, kasama ang 150 tauhan. Nakipagpalitan sila ng handog kay Rajah Siaiu ng Mazaua, na naghatid sa kanila sa Cebu noong 7 Abril. Nakipagkaibigan sina Magellan kina Rajah Humabon ng Cebu at kanyang asawang si Juana, at biniyagan silang Kristiyano. Pagkatapos, ay hiniling Nina Rajah Humabon at kanyang kaibigan si Datu Zula na patayin ang kanilang kaaway na si Datu Lapu-Lapu ng Mactan. Ninais sana ni Magellan na mabinyagan ding Kristiyano si Lapu-Lapu, tulad ng kay Rajah Humabon, subalit Hindi pumayag si Lapu-Lapu. Naglayag si Magellan kasama ang kanyang mga tauhan papuntang Mactan noong umaga ng 27 Abril 1521. Sa Laban ng Mactan, tinamaan si Magellan ng panang may lason at tuluyan nang napalibutan ng mga tauhan ni Lapu-lapu. Mula kina Antonio Pigafetta at Gines de Mafra ang naiwang mga salaysay ng pagkamatay ni Magellan.eun lngg (MORE)
Philosophy and Philosophers Supervisor
Talambuhay ni Adam smith?
Si Adam Smith (bininyagan Hunyo 16, 1723 - Hulyo 17, 1790 [OS: Hunyo 5, 1723 - Hulyo 17, 1790]) ay isang Eskoses na pilosopong moral at ang nagpasimuno ng politikal na ekonomi…ya. Isa sa mga pigura sa intelektuwal na kilusang Scottish Enlightenment (Paliwanag ng mga Escoses), pangunahing kilala siya bilang ang may-akda ng dalawang kasunduan: The Theory of Moral Sentiments (Ang Teoriya ng Moral na mga Damdamin) (1759), at An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (Isang Pag-usisa sa Kalikasan at Sanhi ng Yaman ng mga Bansa), mas kilala bilang The Wealth of Nations (Ang Yaman ng mga Bansa) (1776). Kilala din si Smith sa kanyang pagpapaliwanag ng kung papaano ang makatuwirang pagkamakasarili at kompetisiyon, na gumagana sa isang kayariang panlipunan na naninindigan sa moral na katungkulan, ay maaaring magbunga ng kabutihan at kaunlaran sa ekonomiya. Nakatulong ang kanyang mga gawa na lumikha ng makabagong pang-akademyang disiplina ng ekonomika at isa sa mga kilalang mga katuwiran sa malayang kalakalan. Malawakan siyang kilala bilang "ama ng ekonomika".[1] Pumasok si Smith sa University of Glasgow (Pamantasan ng Glasgow) sa gulang na labing-apat at nag-aral ng pilosopiyang moral sa ilalim ni Francis Hutcheson, na naging daan upang mahubog ang kanyang pasyon sa libertad, katuwiran, at malayang pamamahayag. Noong 1740, umalis si Smith sa University of Glasgow upang pumasok sa Balliol College, Oxford. Magnum opus ni Smith ang The Wealth of Nations, at tinuturing ito bilang isa sa mga pinakamaimpluwensiyang aklat na nasulat. (MORE)
