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The Feudal Society was based upon the oaths of fealty (loyalty) to the King for land. His tenants or vassals would perform this fealty in exchange for plots of land called fiefs. Those holder included Bishops as the church was one of the largest landowners, there were also people lower down the hierarchical scale such as villeins and serfs. Often vassals to the King were also Lords to vassals such as peasants, who they let out a small section of their land to in return for farming.

However, there is one important factor you must remember, the fief they were given was only held by them, it belonged to their Lord - The King and they held it for him in return for protection by him. Tenants and vassals who held fiefs for their King were not only supposed to pay fealty to him but also carry out other feudal obligations, if they did not carry out these obligations then this gave the King rights to take or 'escheat' their lands.

These feudal obligations included military obligations, the vassal was expected to fight for the King in battle, to give the King a percentage of his farming output and also to attend courts of the King. These feudal obligations and the relationships between the Lord and his vassal became the very basis of the Feudal Society.

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Q: What is feudal social structure?
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