The botanical is Colocasia esculenta, another common name is "Elephant Ear"
Taro is the native name for Colocasia antiquorum.
Taro comes from the Kalo plant, and is very important to Hawaiians. They have many taro farms and it is pretty tasty! The Kalo plant is to Hawaiians as the buffalo is to Native Americans
Taro makes poi.
Yes, dasheen (also called 'Taro') is a staple food in many countries, including West Africa, Vietnam, Trinidad, Tobago, Spain, Turkey, Taiwan, Thailand, South Korea, Philippines, Japan, Jamaica, Hawaii, China, and Brazil.
Though one can make paper from any plant but it is not economically advisable to make paper from taro plant leaves or any other plant leaves.
a root
Yes, in the same sense that "potato" is a plant. Taro is the word used for the semi-edible (that is: it's edible after cooking; it's somewhat toxic raw) tuber of several species of plant.
taro
Poi is a paste made when cooked taro root is mashed and mixed with water.
There is known to be 98.8% of water in a taro leave. This is small green leaf.
poi
They are known as arbis.