outgroup is that which is not involved in study group e:g notochord
An out-group is the organism in a cladogram that is the starting point and usually does not have any common characteristics with the other organisms in the cladogram.
- Organisms just outside of your ingroup. Used for rooting tree.
outgroup contains all ancestral traits
Why is the amoeba considered an outgroup in this cladogram?
A phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences from members of all three kingdoms (Plus an outgroup) would reveal who fungi are most closely related to.
Character states shared by the ancestor or outgroup of a clade are referred to as plesiomorphies. These are ancestral traits that were present in the common ancestor of a group but are not unique to the members of the clade.
WOLF!
Why is the amoeba considered an outgroup in this cladogram?
A phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences from members of all three kingdoms (Plus an outgroup) would reveal who fungi are most closely related to.
In insects molting is regulated by ecdysone. In amphibians it's regulated by hormones from the thyroid gland, as is our growth, up to a certain degree. This also illustrates the fact toads are far more closely related to us (both vertebrates) and insects are an outgroup. ^^
ya'll are the least helpful people istg the answer is: Amoeba is a unicellular organism, while all other organisms on the cladogram are multicellular. ( apex )
According to SOWPODS (the combination of Scrabble dictionaries used around the world) there are 2 words with the pattern O--G-OU-. That is, eight letter words with 1st letter O and 4th letter G and 6th letter O and 7th letter U. In alphabetical order, they are: oragious outgroup
All forms of nationalism are a form of patriotism, but the reverse is not true.Patriotism is loyalty and/or devotion to one's nation.Nationalism is the belief that people of the same group (either religious, ethnic, linguistic, social, etc.) should create a nation and be loyal to one another over those of the outgroup.
According to SOWPODS (the combination of Scrabble dictionaries used around the world) there are 1 words with the pattern -UTG-O-P. That is, eight letter words with 2nd letter U and 3rd letter T and 4th letter G and 6th letter O and 8th letter P. In alphabetical order, they are: outgroup
Slang languages are used for various reasons, such as establishing a sense of belonging within a particular social group, expressing creativity and individuality, or communicating ideas in a more casual or familiar way. Slang can also help in forming connections and building rapport with others who understand and use the same language.
Stereotyping involves making assumptions about individuals based on characteristics or traits attributed to a group they belong to. This can lead to discrimination when individuals are unfairly treated or judged based on these stereotypes, leading to unequal opportunities, exclusion, or bias in various aspects of life such as education, employment, or social interactions. Discrimination perpetuates and reinforces these stereotypes, creating a cycle that can be harmful and unjust.
Red and green algae are photosynthetic and are thus autotrophs. Otherwise, they are aquatic and (in the case of green algae) can be unicellular. But these are similarities that are not sufficient to define algae as true plants. All plants in the Kingdom Plantae are multicellular and terrestrial (ancestrally terrestrial in the case of waterlilies). Green algae are important in the study of plants as they show the base of the plant kingdom, hinting at what a common ancestor to the whole kingdom may have looked like. In particular, the charophytes are probably close to the common ancestor of all land plants. Thus, in the study of land plants, green algae can be considered the most recently diverged outgroup. And, earlier still, red algae diverged.