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DOM stands for Département d'Outre-Mer. These are large, populated areas that follow the very same rules as the mainland French départements. The laws are the exact same. TOM stands for Territoire d'Outre-Mer. These are smaller areas (or sparsely populated) overseas, which are part of France, but with laws often merged with local traditions (councils of elders, trade agreements with neighboring countries, larger fiscal autonomy, ....). The word TOM has been replaced in law by COM (Collectivité d'Outre-Mer: Oversea Community), but remains in widespread use for most French speakers.

France has five oversea Départements (DOM): Guadeloupe - Martinique - Guyane (French Guiana) - La Réunion - Mayotte.

It has a number of TOM, which we should call more properly COM: Nouvelle-Calédonie, Polynésie, Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon, Saint-Martin and Saint-Barthelemy, Wallis-et-Futuna.

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Q: What is the difference between DOM and TOM?
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