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Since, Fuels= Carbon + Hydrogen (i.e Hydrocarbons)
i) Longer the Carbon Chain in the Compound, Higher will be Knock.
ii) Straighter the Carbon chain again higher will be knocking.
iii) addition of Methyl Group as a side chain in Hydrocarbon decreases the Knock tendency.
iv) More closer and compact the Carbon structure, lesser is the Knock tendency.
From above points we can conclude that,
- Propane (C3H8) has lesser knock tendency than Butane (C4H10)
- Iso-Butane has lesser knock tendency than n-Butane
- Alcohols (especially Methanol & Ethanol) are two most promising future fuels with high octane no. i.e very less knock tendency.
Ref.: Internal Combustion Engines by V. Ganesan.
Internal Combustion Engines by Mathur and Sharma.
The World Petroleum Congress the Hague 1951.
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