(In descending order)
I. Pope
II. Apostolic Nuncio (for particular place)
III. Cardinal
IV. Archbishop
V. Bishop
a. auxiliary bishop
b. patriarch
VI. Monsignor
a. episcopal vicars
b.vicar general
VII.Priest
VIII.Deacon
IX.Seminarian
diocesan priests are affiliated to diocesan bishop, society priests to the society, religious priests to the religious institutes and secular priests are incardinated into particular church or into a institute itself by virtue of a grant of Apostolic.
Yes, the whole idea of Kings and indeed Pharaohs were established by Priesthoods, who would select one member to be the 'King' and act as a go between for the peoples of the village and the clergymen. The Priests used knowledge of the Suns movements through the sky (eclipses, solar flares etc) to terrify and control the people. All monies/valuables were of course left to the Priesthoods upon death.
Priests performed rituals in Rome. There were several priesthoods, each tending to specific gods and officiating specific rituals.
The plebeians were the commoners, that is anyone who was not a patrician aristocrat. In the early Republic they were barred from the offices of state and the priesthoods which were exclusively patrician. Over time, rich plebeians gained access to the offices of state and most of the priesthoods. The plebeians eventually engaged in all activities, the rich ones taking on prestige or lucrative ones. The poor ones were small farmers or had menial or artisans jobs or were peddlars, beggars or prostitutes
You merely had to be appointed a priest to be a priest. The priesthood in ancient Rome was not the same as our present day priesthood. All it generally entailed was offering a sacrifice and any male Roman could do this. Being a pried was usually an honorific position with minimal duties. Originally it was only the patricians who could be priests. Later, plebeians were given access to the priesthoods. Originally the priesthoods were extremely important as the very early Roman state was based on religion. The priesthoods were key to the patricians having superior status. As the state became more and more secular, this importance faded.
In the Early Republic the patricians monopolised political power by monopolising the seats of the senate and the consulship, the office of the two annually elected heads of the Republic and the priesthoods. In the Conflict of the Orders, the rich plebeians succeeded in obtaining power sharing with the patricians and gained access to the consulship and the other offices of state which were created as the republic developed, the seats of the senate and some of the priesthoods. The grievances of the poor plebeians, instead, were economic: indebtedness, the interest rates of loans and shortages of land for the of to farm.
In the Early Republic the patricians monopolised political power by monopolising the seats of the senate and the consulship, the office of the two annually elected heads of the Republic and the priesthoods. In the Conflict of the Orders, the rich plebeians succeeded in obtaining power sharing with the patricians and gained access to the consulship and the other offices of state which were created as the republic developed, the seats of the senate and some of the priesthoods. The grievances of the poor plebeians, instead, were economic: indebtedness, the interest rates of loans and shortages of land for the of to farm.
To start with, the patrician aristocracy monopolised political power by monopolising the consulship (the office of the two annually elected heads of the Republic), the seats of the (unelected) senate and the priesthoods.. Through the 20--year Conflict of the orders between patricians and plebeians, the (rich) plebeians gained access to the consulship and the other offices of state which were created as the Republic developed, the senate and some of the priesthoods. The poor plebeians did not matter much, except for when engaged in mass protest.
At the beginning of the Roman Republic the patricians monopolised political power by monopolising the consulship (the office of the two annually elected heads of the Republic), the senate and the priesthoods.
yes, Roman parents taught their children about their gods, their rites and their myths. The Romans did not have a theology or a book like the bible. They just had myths and rites. Roman sacred texts were the preserve of the priesthoods.
Roman priest , with a few exceptions, were not priests full time. Some of the priesthoods were elective and their terms were short. Many of the priests were also politicians and rich men with a busy business and private life.
No they were not. Although in the early Rome they monopolised the priesthoods until some of them were opened up for the plebeians, the patricians were not a priestly class. Their key positions in the priesthoods were important to defining their high status and political influence. However, other paths were opened to the patricians, such as membership of the senate, access to secular offices of state, and military leadership. They were an aristocracy which had access to the high positions and offices in politics and the military. Moreover, many patrician families were owners of large landed estates and were among the richest families. The possessed wealth as well as power.
Do you mean patricians an plebeians? The plebeians were the commoners, both poor and rich. The grievances of the poor were economic: the abuse of debtors by creditors, indebtedness, the interest of loans, and shortages of land for the poor. The rich plebeians wanted power sharing with the patricians, who monopolised power by monopolising the consulship (the office of the two annually elected heads of the Republic), the senate and the priesthoods . Over time they succeeded in gaining access to the consulship and the other offices of state which were created as the republic developed, the senate and some of the priesthoods.