They use light years, the distance light can travel in 1 year. It's equivalent to 5878499810000 miles.
It's distance
Astronomers use a method called parallax to measure the distance to nearby stars. Astronomers can measure parallax by measuring the position of a nearby star with respect to the distant stars behind it. Then, they measure the same stars again six months later when the Earth is on the opposite side of its orbit.
The reference that astronomers use to compare the luminosity of other stars is the sun's luminosity. The luminosity is denoted in multiples of the sun's luminosity. For example, the luminosity of the star Sirius is 25 times the luminosity of the sun.
Because the angle of shift is very small and extremely difficult to measure, scientists usually use photography to measure the shift. The star is photographed at the beginning and end of a six-month period, and its position in relation to other stars is studied each time.
Astronomers typically measure distances in parsecs. One parsec is the distance of a hypothetical star having a parallax of 1 second of arc; it's about 3.2 light years.
what is the type of star used by the Hubble to measure the distance to other galaxies.
Stellar Parallax Astronomers estimate the distance of nearby objects in space by using a method called stellar parallax, or trigonometric parallax. Simply put, they measure a star's apparent movement against the background of more distant stars as Earth revolves around the sun.
One example of an astronomer's use of trigonometry is determining the distance to a star by triangulation.
It's distance from Earth and the star's actual brightness
Well, they clearly aren't for closer stars, astronomers measure the angle the star's light hits the Earth at 6 month intervals - as the Earth rotates around the sun at a known distance, it's simple geometry given the two angles and the diameter of the Earth's orbit to calculate the distance of the star in question and the distance varies.
It means that the distance is greater than a certain amount - depending on how precisely you can measure the parallax.
lightyear