Medieval cannon were artillery. A canon is different, and there is a link below to a related question on what the canon was.
Cannon were usually welded together from iron bars, or, if they were small, cast of bronze. The big ones were fairly effective siege weapons, as they could shoot boulders to knock down castle walls. Among the small ones were hand cannons and swivel guns.
An interesting early cannon was the petard, which was actually more like a bomb, but was classed as a cannon. It was loaded with a few pounds of powder, bound to the end of a pole, the fuse lighted, and then it was placed against a door that the attacker wanted demolished. A person who was not careful (so the idea goes) could get his clothes stuck to the petard's binding and be "hoisted on his own petard," to be blown up by his own work.
A canon could be a member of a group of clergy, usually living or working together. I once lived near a cathedral at which priests who acted as administrators were given the title of canon. Two of them both had the last name of Ball. Since one was short and the other tall, to avoid confusion, people referred to them as Big Shot and Little Shot instead of Canon Ball.
A canon could be a group of laws pertaining to some thing, such as the Church. In this regard, we see the term, "canon law."
A canon could be a specific prescribed way of doing things, such as a prescribed service for confession and penance.
The canon was a specific set of prayers said in Mass.
A canon could be one of several related types of music in which counterpoint is used with the voices related in certain rigidly prescribed ways. A round is a type of canon.
A canon is also a body of important works of literature, music, or art. I don't know that the term was used in this way in the Middle Ages, however.
There is a link below to the disambiguation article for "canon" in Wikipedia, and there are links to various articles on individual meanings from there.
Another answer, merged in:Nothing to do with firearms- canon with your spelling was an ecclesiastical rank that was between Priest and Bishop. Canons ( who were obviously versed in the canon law) may also have functioned as lawyers. as late as, well maybe Elizabethan times- Legal men had unusual costumes worn in court- as did and do today- Judges the costume was basically a white jacket with some sort of open vest, and did look priestly. a black and white contrast was maintained. We still have the Canon law- and that means rule!. Canon clergy ranked between priest and bishop- probably above a Monsignor. ( essentially a senior priest in charge of a parish- not a ( Field Bishop). by the way Cardinal Frings was a Feldbishop ( no translation needed) in the German Army in World War II. In service dress, FB"s wore the regular Army uniform with Garrison hat and so on but had Purple color tabs for arm -of Service=- here Divine services. I do not know if the Feldbishop role was continued after World War II.A canon and a cannon are clearly not the same thing. There is a link below to the question on cannon.
Medieval cannon balls were usually just round stones.
a cannon ball
I dug a cannonball out of the ground ...im wondering what it is worth ?
A Mace Flail.
yes
The cannon (also called artillery or gun or field piece) has no acceleration. It's just a stationary tube; a gun barrel.The cannon ball (also called a shell or projectile) travels at a speed determined by it's propellent charge; interior of the gun tube (rifled or smoothbore); length of gun tube; and the caliber of the weapon (gun size).As a rule: Larger projectiles travel slower; rifled barrels shoot slower projectiles; shorter gun tube have shorter ranges; smaller powder charges (propellent) travel smaller distances.I'm sorry, but the cannon does accelerate in the opposite direction of the cannon ball. This is called recoil. Old cannons simply rolled backwards as a result of recoil and had to be manually pulled forward again and reaimed. Modern artillery pieces all use recoil absorbing mechanisms that permit the barrel to recoil without moving the carriage, then automatically reextend the barrel.To answer the original question, the cannon is heavier and the ball is lighter, therefor the ball accelerates faster than the cannon.
I have put a few links to pictures of medieval cannon in Wikimedia Commons below:
A cannon ball.
a cannon ball
the size of the cannon ball depends on the size of the cannon. civil war cannons had cannon balls about the size of a child's head, aprox 30cm across
cannon ball
Yes, both have the same energy, but because cannon is heavier the cannon ball gets more momentum and thus greater velocity.
in the late medieval period many medieval castles did have a primitive type of cannon.
The cannon would want to move backwards with the same speed as the ball wants to move forward.
The first cannon ball was made in the 3rd century BC in a place called Alexandra
1.2 x 10^4 J That is in Significant Figures
not
the explosion of gunpowder behind it propells it out of the cannon.