Six to seven months for current space probes (2011-2012).
Because Earth and Mars have separate and unrelated orbits, the actual closest approach (about 58 million kilometers) only occurs once every few decades. But each year, the Earth comes within 60 to 100 million kilometers of Mars. With current technology (2012), space probes take around 7 months to make the journey to Mars, and usually longer. Any manned mission would probably need to reduce this time well below 6 months each way.
Much has been made of the fact that the August 27th encounter with Mars is the closest in some 60,000 years. Neanderthals were the last to observe Mars so favorably placed. This is true. It's also a bit of hype. Mars and Earth have been almost this close many times in recent history.
Some examples: Aug. 23, 1924; Aug. 18, 1845; Aug. 13, 1766. In each case Mars and Earth were approximately 56 million km apart.
About 55 million km.
56,000,000 kilometers.
Earth.
Mars is closest to Earth, then Venus, and so on.
mars
August the 27th of this year (2009) is when Mars is to be the closest it has ever been to the earth. It is supposedly to be about the same size in the sky as the moon.
The Earth's distance from the moon or Mars is always changing. The closest the moon can get to Earth is 225,622 miles. The farthest it can get is 252,088 miles. The closest possible distance from Earth to Mars is 33.9 million miles. Therefore the Earth is always much closer to the moon than Mars, no matter where they are in orbit.
Mars is a planet. So the Sun is the closest star to Earth.
Mars is the closest
They are the closest planets to earth.
Earth
yes
mars
Earth.
Mars
Earth.
Mercury is the closest, Venus is the second closest. Earth is the third and Mars is the fourth closest.
venus and mars
No. Mars is a planet, not a star. The closest star to Earth is the sun.