When did the first civilization develop in mesopotamia?

Answer 1

There is a common reference to the Ubaidians being the first civilization. The Ubaidians had migrated to the Tigris-Euphrates river valley (alluvial plain) from the steppes of northern Mesopotamia (Assyria) c. 4600-4800 BCE. Their adaptation of irrigation led to enough food production to support a larger population and their farming villages led to small cities, with natural boundaries creating city/states. The practice of religion and forays into warfare supported the appointment of priests and warrior chieftains which ruled the city/states. The creation of other trades beside farming and organized religion led to the consensus that this was civilization. However, further excavations at tel Halaf predate the Ubaidians so who knows? Archaeological study of the near east is a relatively new development for that area, and new finds rewrite their history repeatedly. Also, it is considered that the Egyptians were the first civilization.

Answer 2

The area known as Mesopotamia has history dating back to the Pre-Pottery Neolithic A period, between 10,000 and 8700 BCE. Records of early dynastic kings in lower Mesopotamia begin in the middle of the 3rd millenium BCE. Bronze Age Mesopotamia (~2900 BCE to 12th/11th centuries BCE) is considered to be the cradle of civilization in the West. Despite Babylon's fall in 539 BCE, the area has always been occupied by at least one or more important groups.

Answer 3

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