Space is a vacuum, so the astronauts would otherwise be exposed to extremes of temperature. The Sun's radiation in space is much greater than on Earth and would be far too hot. The vacuum of space, on the other hand, is effectively very cold.
Another reason for the multiple layers is to prevent loss of air from punctures caused by dust-sized micrometeorites, which can travel at high speeds through space.
Insulation affects body temperature by keeping heat around your body to keep your blood flowing. The most useful insulation article is usually wool. Several thin layers of insulation are more effective than fewer thick layers.
Yes, layers of insulation will offer better efficiency than one layer. This is because it keeps more heat out and keeps the cool air in.
The spacesuits of the astronauts are given by N.A.S.A.
It is not simply a question of the number of layers but the properties of each layer.
This is because the pockets of air, caught between the layer also acts as insulation against the cold.
Putting thicker insulation in than will fit will make it less efficient. Any insulation needs to have air separating the layers of insulation.
Conduction.
Fats give you layers of insulation in your body, and store energy
One. it is a wind stop not insulation.
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Certainly. Temperatures at the Lunar surface range from 200 degrees Celsius below freezing to 400 above. For details on the NASA spacesuits worn on various missions, see links below.
Having several layers of gills on the fish helps to increase the breathing rate of the fish.