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The atmosphere consists of 5 layers: the troposphere, which we live in; followed by stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere and exosphere. Air pressure at any of these layers is typically caused by hydrostatic pressure, defined as P = hpg, where P is the pressure, h is the height or depth of fluid, and g is the gravitational acceleration.

In simple context, my physics lecturer once explained to me: the reason why we live under an atmospheric pressure of 1 bar is simply because there is a column of air above us. As we move upwards (e.g. in an airplane or on top of a mountain), the height of this column is reduced, thus the atmospheric pressure is less.

Therefore, the first layer of atmosphere (or the lowest layer) will experience the highest air pressure.

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Q: Why is there more air pressure in the first layer of atmosphere?
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