Rugby

There are several standard pieces of equipment that are necessary for Rugby players of any level. Although other types of gear are available, the right balls, mouthguards, scrumcaps, boots, and clothing are basic necessities for playing Rugby safely and effectively. Rugby balls are elongated, rounded on either end, and made of a synthetic cover surrounding an inflatable bladder. Balls are designed to be used in either training or matches. While there are few visible differences between the two types, training balls are made of more durable material containing less natural rubber, while match balls are manufactured to a higher standard of symmetry and therefore allow more accurate passing and kicking. A higher rubber content also gives these balls a better grip, especially in rain. However, training balls are more inexpensive and hold up to repeated use much longer.

Mouthguards are essential for players at any position. Without helmets to protect the head and mouth, concussions and dental injuries are a real cause for concern. A well-fitted mouthguard in good condition can reduce these risks and should be worn during matches and also at practice.

Scrumcaps are another piece of safety equipment, most often worn by the 'tight-five,' a group of forwards who form the 'scrum.' Players at other positions may opt to wear this thin foam headgear which fastens with a chinstrap, however, it is not mandatory. Many people mistakenly compare scrumcaps to helmets, but this could not be further from the truth. International standards mandate that no protective equipment thicker than 1/4 of an inch may be worn during matches, and the scrumcap is solely to protect the ears and head from cuts and bruises during contact.

A rugby cleat is referred to as a 'boot.' These boots come in many different forms for many different functions. Forwards often require a boot with longer spikes and good ankle support. Backs may need a boot with lighter, possibly plastic spikes designed for running. Regulations allow for plastic or rounded aluminum spikes, the former being lighter and excellent for hard turf, the latter being more effective on softer surfaces like muddy grass. Rugby shorts are used for both lifting and binding-on, and jerseys are heavily abused as well, so they must be incredibly durable in material and stitching. Elastic waistbands and rubber buttons prevent injury to the wearer and other players.