Sleep disorders involve any difficulties related to sleeping, including difficulty falling or staying asleep, falling asleep at inappropriate times, excessive total sleep time, or abnormal behaviors associated with sleep.
Causes, incidence, and risk factorsMore than 100 different disorders of sleeping and waking have been identified. They can be grouped in four main categories:
PROBLEMS WITH FALLING AND STAYING ASLEEP
Insomniaincludes any combination of difficulty with falling asleep, staying asleep, intermittent wakefulness and early-morning awakening. Episodes may come and go (be transient), last as long as 2 to 3 weeks (be short-term), or be long-lasting (chronic).
Common factors associated with insomnia include:
Disorders include:
PROBLEMS WITH STAYING AWAKE
Disorders of excessive sleepiness are called hypersomnias. These include:
PROBLEMS STICKING TO A REGULAR SLEEP SCHEDULE
Problems may also occur when you do not maintain a consistent sleep and wake schedule. This occurs when traveling between times zones and with shift workers on rotating schedules, particularly nighttime workers.
Sleep disruption disorders include:
SLEEP-DISRUPTIVE BEHAVIORS
Abnormal behaviors during sleep are called parasomnias and are fairly common in children. They include:
The symptoms vary and depend on the specific sleep disorder.
Signs and testsTests vary and depend on the specific sleep disorder. A sleep study (polysomnography) may be done.
TreatmentTreatments vary and depend on the specific sleep disorder.
See:
Expectations (prognosis)The outcome varies with the type of disorder. Some disorders may go away without treatment.
Calling your health care providerCall for an appointment with your health care provider if lack of sleep, too much sleep, or unusual sleep behaviors are interfering with daily living.
Sleep apnea should be suspected in people who snore loudly, wake frequently to urinate at night, and wake up in the morning unrefreshed.
PreventionThe following can help prevent many sleep disorders.
So far completely unpublished methods, techniques and specific processes which you simply have to follow step by step
7 mistakes, parents often make subconsciously but which prevent babies and infants from falling asleep properly
This is of course not the old (but well-known) "just let the baby cry" method!
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There are about 70 different sleep disorders.
Minor sleep disorders can be treated with over the counter sleep aids, but more serious disorders are treatable with melatonin.
Charles Pollak has written: 'The encyclopedia of sleep and sleep disorders' -- subject(s): Encyclopedias, Sleep disorders, Sleep
A doctor who specializes in sleep and sleep disorders
Ronald Attanasio has written: 'Dental management of sleep disorders' -- subject(s): Sleep disorders, Sleep apnea syndromes, Sleep Apnea Syndromes, Bruxism, Therapy, Diagnosis, Dentistry, Sleep Bruxism, Methods 'Dental management of sleep disorders'
There are a variety of sleep disorders that cause fatigue, including insomnia, hypersomnia, sleep apnea , and restless legs syndrome.
Primary sleep disorders are distinguished as those that are not caused by other mental disorders, prescription medications, substance abuse, or medical conditions.
P. Lavie has written: 'Sleep disorders' -- subject(s): Diagnosis, Physiological aspects, Physiological aspects of Sleep, Sleep, Sleep disorders, Treatment
Most sleep disorders seem to be exaserbated by exercising diet and inconsistent sleep schedule. The use of drugs are thought to make some disorders worse. Being overweight is a possible contributor to sleep disorder.
Polysomnography and Somnology are both used to describe the study of sleep and sleep disorders. A somnologist would be the best term for a scientist who studied sleep disorder, but he might not be a licensed doctor.
Sleep disorders are a group of syndromes characterized by disturbance in the patient's amount of sleep, quality or timing of sleep, or in behaviors or physiological conditions associated with sleep. There are approximately 70 different sleep disorders that may be the result of serious medical conditions, including breathing difficulties or thyroid disorders, or external factors, such as stress or substance abuse. Manifestations include insomnia, sleep apnea, and narcolepsy.
Some patients with chronic neurological conditions like Parkinson's disease or Huntington's disease may develop sleep disorders. Sleep disorders have also been associated with viral encephalitis, brain disease, and hypo- or hyperthyroidism.