yes there are still many things to discover and archaeology is not always about digging it is about studying the artifact

There is no Hebrew word for artifact. An artifact would be described in Hebrew as חֵפֶץ שֶׁנֶעֱשָׂה בְּיָדֵי אָדָם (an object that was made by humans). Israeli archaeology tends to shorten this to חפץ (cheffets) which means "object."

Yes. Science is involved in an archaeology career. You need to have studied in artifact studies, biology, chemistry, life science, conversation sciences, and history.

not necessarily, I got this from wikipedia--

Artifact (archaeology), any thing made or used by mankind

In archaeology, "artifact" (alternate spelling "artefact") is a term used to refer to any portable, humanly modified object.