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England's Henry II makes an effort to end the strife between him and his wife, Eleanor of Aquitaine, in order that he may dally in western Herefordshire with his mistress, Rosamund Clifford, daughter of Walter de Clifford. He divides the succession to his lands among his sons and allows Eleanor to retire to Poitiers, placing her in control of her French domains. Her second son, Richard, accompanies her and is made heir to both Aquitaine and Poitu.
Serbia's Nemanja dynasty has its beginnings in the Raska region of the Balkans, where the grand chieftain (veliki zupan) Stefan Nemanja starts to expand his holdings while still a vassal of the Byzantine emperor. Stefan will rule the territory until 1196 (see 1217).
The prince of Rostov-Suzdal Andrei I (Andrei Yurievich Bogolyubski) sacks Kiev with help from allies and becomes grand prince of Kiev (see 1157), but rather than move to Kiev he returns to the upper Volga, maintains Vladimir as the center of his grand principality, installs relatives on the throne at Kiev, demands that subordinate princes obey his orders, and tries to reduce the traditional powers of the upper nobility (boyars) within his hereditary territories (see 1174).
