1178

1171 1172 1173 1174 1175 1176 1177 1178 1179 1180

political events

The Holy Roman Emperor Friedrich I Barbarossa is crowned king of Burgundy at Arles July 30. He will repeat the ceremony in 1186. Returning to Germany, he begins proceedings against Heinrich III (der Löwe [the Lion]), duke of Saxony, who has been charged by Saxon noblemen with breaking the king's peace. Heinrich refuses to answer charges in the king's court (see 1180).

Georgia's Giorgi III has his daughter Tamara, 19, crowned as co-ruler of the Caucasian kingdom, whose capital has been at Tbilisi since 458.

religion

The antipope Calistus (or Calixtus) III submits to Pope Alexander III in August after having reigned for 10 years with support from the Holy Roman Emperor Friedrich I Barbarossa. The legitimate pope is generous in his treatment of Calixtus.

1171 1172 1173 1174 1175 1176 1177 1178 1179 1180

Construction

According to tradition, Saint Bénezét starts construction of the Pont de Avignon (Avignon bridge), probably copied in design from the nearby Roman Pont du Gard aqueduct bridge. The bridge is supposedly completed in 1188, but it was rebuilt in the 14th century and details of the early design and history are clouded. See also 19 bce Construction; 1192 Construction.

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Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	11th century – 12th century – 13th century
Decades:	1140s  1150s  1160s  – 1170s –  1180s  1190s  1200s
Years:	1175 1176 1177 – 1178 – 1179 1180 1181

1178 by topic

Politics

State leaders – Sovereign states

Birth and death categories

Births – Deaths

Establishments and disestablishments categories

Establishments – Disestablishments v • d • e

Art and literature

1178 in poetry v • d • e

1178 in other calendars

Gregorian calendar	1178 MCLXXVIII
Ab urbe condita	1931
Armenian calendar	627 ԹՎ ՈԻԷ
Bahá'í calendar	-666 – -665
Berber calendar	2128
Buddhist calendar	1722
Burmese calendar	540
Byzantine calendar	6686 – 6687
Chinese calendar	丁酉年十二月十一日 (3814/3874-12-11) — to — 戊戌年十一月廿一日 (3815/3875-11-21)
Coptic calendar	894 – 895
Ethiopian calendar	1170 – 1171
Hebrew calendar	4938 – 4939
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1233 – 1234
- Shaka Samvat	1100 – 1101
- Kali Yuga	4279 – 4280
Holocene calendar	11178
Iranian calendar	556 – 557
Islamic calendar	573 – 574
Japanese calendar
Korean calendar	3511
Thai solar calendar	1721
v • d • e

Events

• June 18—Five Canterbury monks see what is possibly the Giordano Bruno crater being formed.
• The Sung Document is written, detailing the discovery of "Mu-Lan-Pi" (suggested by some to be California) by Muslim sailors.
• The Chronicle of Gervase of Canterbury is written.
• The Leaning Tower of Pisa begins to lean as the third level is completed.
• The Cham sack the Khmer capital near Angkor Wat.
• George III of Georgia defeats a noble revolt and proclaims his daughter Tamar coregent.

Births

• December 22—Emperor Antoku of Japan (d. 1185)
• Armand de Périgord, Grand Master of the Knights Templar (d. c. 1247)
• Snorri Sturluson, Icelandic historian and politician (d. 1241)
• Thomas I of Savoy (d. 1233), Count of Savoy
• Wuzhun Shifan, Chinese Zen Buddhist monk (d. 1249)

Deaths

• Evermode of Ratzeburg, bishop of Ratzeburg

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