1239
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1231 1232 1233 1234 1235 1236 1237 1238 1239 1240
Pope Gregory IX excommunicates the Holy Roman Emperor Friedrich II for a second time March 20, calling him a rake, a heretic, and the anti-Christ. The fourth grand master of the Teutonic Knights Hermann von Salza retired to Salerno last year and dies there March 20 at age 59; his death ends all communications between Friedrich and the pope (see religion, 1237; 1241).
England's Henry III comes under attack from his 30-year-old brother Richard, earl of Cornwall, who has led a baronial protest against the marriage of Henry's sister Eleanor to Simon de Montfort, now earl of Leicester. The king drives Leicester and his wife out of England in August, but Leicester and Cornwall will soon become reconciled (see crusade, 1240).
Portugal's Sancho II takes Tavira and Cacela from the Moors, extending Portuguese sovereignty over much of the Algarve.
A childless count of Mâcon sells his domains to France's Louis IX, who has gained fiefs in Languedoc through the destruction of that region's petty nobility during the Albigensian Crusade.
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This article is about the year 1239.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 12th century – 13th century – 14th century |
| Decades: | 1200s 1210s 1220s – 1230s – 1240s 1250s 1260s |
| Years: | 1236 1237 1238 – 1239 – 1240 1241 1242 |
| 1239 by topic | |
| Politics | |
| State leaders – Sovereign states | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births – Deaths | |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories | |
| Establishments – Disestablishments | |
| Art and literature | |
| 1239 in poetry | |
| Gregorian calendar | 1239 MCCXXXIX |
| Ab urbe condita | 1992 |
| Armenian calendar | 688 ԹՎ ՈՁԸ |
| Assyrian calendar | 5989 |
| Bahá'í calendar | -605–-604 |
| Bengali calendar | 646 |
| Berber calendar | 2189 |
| English Regnal year | 23 Hen. 3 – 24 Hen. 3 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1783 |
| Burmese calendar | 601 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6747–6748 |
| Chinese calendar | 戊戌年十一月廿五日 (3875/3935-11-25) — to —
己亥年十二月初五日(3876/3936-12-5) |
| Coptic calendar | 955–956 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1231–1232 |
| Hebrew calendar | 4999–5000 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1295–1296 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1161–1162 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4340–4341 |
| Holocene calendar | 11239 |
| Iranian calendar | 617–618 |
| Islamic calendar | 636–637 |
| Japanese calendar | |
| Julian calendar | 1239 MCCXXXIX |
| Korean calendar | 3572 |
| Minguo calendar | 673 before ROC 民前673年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1782 |
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Year 1239 (MCCXXXIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
- March 20 – Pope Gregory IX excommunicates Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor.
- November – the pope grants the status of Crusade to king of Castile's ongoing invasion of the muslim kingdom of Murcia.[1]
- Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor conducts the Siege of Faenza.
- The main tower of Lincoln Cathedral in England collapses.
- Foundation of Netley Abbey in England.
- Mongol invasion of Rus is in progress, bringing with it a pandemic of Rinderpest.
Births
- June 17 – King Edward I of England (d. 1307)
- December 17 – Kujo Yoritsugu, Japanese shogun (d. 1256)
- Peter III of Aragon (d. 1285)
- John II, Duke of Brittany (d. 1305)
- Ippen, Japanese monk (d. 1289)
Deaths
- March 3 – Vladimir III Rurikovich, Grand Prince of Kiev (b. 1187)
- March 20 – Hermann von Salza, fourth Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights
- March 28 – Emperor Go-Toba of Japan (b. 1180)
- Cormac mac Art O Melaghlain, King of Meath
References
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