Results for 35th century BC
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Sci & Tech Chronology: In the year

3500 bce

Archaeology

Sumer, the world's first civilization, flourishes on the banks of the lower Tigris and Euphrates rivers (called Mesopotamia, for "between the rivers") in what is now Iraq. It is formed from such city-states as Uruk, Ur, and Lagash, with no overall central government linking them. See also 4000 bce Archaeology; 2800 bce Archaeology.

The small provinces of Upper Egypt, called nomes, are united to form the single kingdom we call Upper Egypt. See also 3000 bce Archaeology.

Astronomy

A large -- 22 m (72 ft) high, weighing more than 250 tons -- standing stone, or menhir, known as the Grand Menhir of Locmariaquer, is erected in Brittany, probably for use in making astronomical observations. It falls or is knocked down a few centuries after it is erected. See also 2750 bce Astronomy.

Communication

Complex fired clay counting tokens, including such geometric shapes as paraboloids as well as miniature tools, furniture, fruit, and even human figures, become common in the Near East. See also 4000 bce Mathematics.

The first known examples of clay envelopes marked on the outside to tell what kind of or how many counting tokens are on the inside are left at sites in what is now Syria. See also 3700 bce Mathematics.

Construction

A ziggurat in Ur (Iraq), 12 m (36 ft) high, shows that Sumerians are familiar with columns, domes, arches, and vaults. See also 2800 bce Construction.

Energy

Candles are in use. See also 40,000 bce Energy.

Food & agriculture

The llama and alpaca are domesticated (Peru). See also 4400 bce Food & agriculture; 3100 bce Food & agriculture.

Donkeys and mules are domesticated (Israel). See also 4000 bce Food & agriculture.

Wine is known, as evidenced by the residues found in a jar from Godin Tepe (Iran), an outpost of the Uruk (Iraq) urban center. See also 6000 bce Food & agriculture; 1500 bce Food & agriculture.

Materials

The Egyptians mine iron ore and smelt iron, using it mostly for ornamental or ceremonial purposes. See also 4000 bce Materials.

People in Mesopotamia fire bricks in kilns, although sun-dried brick continues to be used for ordinary purposes. See also 6000 bce Materials.

Europeans start producing metallic copper from copper pyrites by reducing the ore in wood or charcoal fires. See also 3800 bce Materials.

Tools

A bowstave is left at Gwisho Springs (Zambia). It will become part of the earliest known pieces of direct evidence for the bow and arrow. Other evidence includes Mesolithic (Middle Stone Age) bows deposited in Scandinavia and arrow shafts from about 8500 bce. See also 8500 bce Tools; 2000 bce Tools.

The first form of the potter's wheel, essentially a turntable that rotates only while being pushed and therefore used in start-stop fashion, is invented in Mesopotamia shortly before this time. See also 2500 bce Tools; 700 bce Tools. (See essay.)

Transportation

Sailing ships are used by Egyptians and Sumerians. See also 4000 bce Transportation; 3100 bce Transportation. (See essay.)

Wheeled vehicles are used in Mesopotamia as evinced by a pictograph from Uruk (Iraq). Next to the wheeled vehicle is a sledge that except for the wheels is exactly the same design. See also 6500 bce Transportation; 3000 bce Transportation.


 
 
Wikipedia: 35th century BC
Millennium: 4th millennium BC
Centuries: 36th century BC - 35th century BC - 34th century BC
Decades: 3490s BC 3480s BC 3470s BC 3460s BC 3450s BC
3440s BC 3430s BC 3420s BC 3410s BC 3400s BC
Categories: Births - Deaths
Establishments - Disestablishments

Events

Sumerian inscription in monumental archaic style, ca. 26th century. An example of cuneiform
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Sumerian inscription in monumental archaic style, ca. 26th century. An example of cuneiform

Decades and Years


 
 

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Sci & Tech Chronology. History of Science and Technology, edited by Bryan Bunch and Alexander Hellemans. Copyright © 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.  Read more
Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "35th century BC" Read more

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