The carnitine shuttles help transport fatty acyl coA from the
cytosol of the cell into the mitochondrial matrix. The acyl group
is first transfered to a carnitine and it is catalyzed into fatty
acyl-carnitine by carnitine acyltransferease I at the outer
mitochondrial membrane. The fatty acyl-carnitine then moves through
the intermembrane space of the mitochondria through the transporter
carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase. When the acyl group reaches
the matrix, it is transferred to mitochondrial CoA, it is catalyzed
by carnitine acyltransferase II to reform fatty acyl CoA. The
carnitine is regenerated and it moves back to the intermembrane
space with the aid of the same transporter.