cuneal writing, cuneiform, curiology, hieroglyphics, ideography, phonographic writing, runes, script, symbolical writing, symbology

The cross is one of the most ancient human symbols, and is used by many religions. It is frequently a representation of the division of the world into four elements, the four winds, cardinal points or as the union of the concepts of divinity (the vertical line) and the world (the horizontal line). Celtic coins minted many centuries before the Christian era have an entire side showing this type of cross, sometimes with the five cardinal points marked by concave depressions in the same style as in stoneage carvings. Other coins show the cross held by a rider on a horse and springing forth a fern leaf, sometimes identified as a Tree of Life symbol. In Paganism the equal arm cross is used to represent the sun. It if often drawn inside a circle - this is known as the Sunwheel, solar cross or Odin's cross. Used throughout Native American culture to represent the great Medicine Wheel of life it's also the symbol used by the Gnostic Movements. In early Chinese ideography the cross is a sign for perfection. In astrological symbolism it is the graphic symbol for matter, the earthly life and the plane of physical existence. It was used as a sign for acids, vinegar and soot by alchemists. On coins and medals it is used to represent death, end and beginnings, on maps it is used to signify boundaries and shoals, churches and chapels. Astronomers use the cross to signify the north. In the dualistic system it represents the positive pole, plus, positive charge, clockwise rotation and increase.

A medical record is a record that includes a variety of notes entered by healthcare professionals. These notes may include the timing of administration of drugs to a patient, orders for therapy, x-rays, and test results. Medical records also allow several health care providers to communicate between one another when dealing with the same patient. These records must remain confidential to protect a patient's right to privacy.