Historically: It belongs to Japan.
Now: All 56 of the islands are under the Russian jurisdiction, but Japan claims the South Kuril Islands.
Japan claims only 4 islands:
- Etorofu Island (択æ‰å³¶)
- Kunashiri Island (国後島)
- Shikotan Island (色丹島)
- Habomai Islands (æ¯èˆžè«¸å³¶)