In the process of industrial products to diversify and high-grade development, how to improve the quality of the mold that directly affects product quality is an important task.

In the mold manufacturing process, the smooth processing and mirror polishing stage processing after the shape processing is called parts surface grinding and polishing processing, it is an important process to improve the quality of the mold.

Mastering the reasonable polishing method can improve the quality and service life of the mold, and then improve product quality.

Common polishing methods and working principle

1.1 Mechanical polishing

Mechanical polishing is by cutting or plastic deformation of the material surface to remove the workpiece surface projection to get a smooth surface polishing method, generally using oil stone, wool wheel, sandpaper, etc., mainly by hand, the surface quality requirements of high can be used to the ultra-precision polishing method.

Ultra-precision polishing is the use of special abrasives, in the polishing fluid containing abrasives, pressed on the surface of the workpiece being processed, for high-speed rotary motion.

The use of this technology can achieve Ra0.008 μm surface roughness, which is the best surface roughness of various polishing methods. Optical lens molds often use this method. Mechanical polishing is the main method of injection mold polishing.

1.2 Chemical polishing

Chemical polishing is the material in the chemical medium so that the microscopic convex part of the surface is preferentially dissolved than the concave part, to obtain a smooth surface.

This method can polish workpieces with complex shapes and can polish many workpieces at the same time with high efficiency. The surface roughness obtained by chemical polishing is generally Ra10 μm.

1.3 Electrolytic polishing

The basic principle of electrolytic polishing is the same as chemical polishing, that is, by selectively dissolving the tiny projections on the surface of the material to make the surface smooth. Compared with chemical polishing, it can eliminate the effect of cathodic reaction, the effect is better.

1.4 Ultrasonic polishing

Ultrasonic polishing is a processing method of polishing brittle and hard materials through abrasive suspension by using ultrasonic vibration of the tool section.

The workpiece is put into the abrasive suspension and placed in the ultrasonic field together, and the abrasive is ground and polished on the surface of the workpiece by relying on the oscillating effect of ultrasonic waves.

Ultrasonic processing macro force is small, and will not cause deformation of the workpiece, but the tooling production and installation are more difficult.

1.5 Fluid polishing

Fluid polishing is to rely on the flow of liquid and the abrasive particles it carries to scour the surface of the workpiece to achieve the purpose of polishing.

Fluid power grinding is driven by hydraulic pressure, the medium is mainly used in the lower pressure flow through the good special compounds (polymer-like substances) and mixed with abrasives made, abrasives can be used silicon carbide powder.

1.6 Magnetic grinding and polishing

Magnetic grinding and polishing are to use magnetic abrasives to form abrasive brushes under the action of the magnetic field to grind and process the workpiece.

This method has high processing efficiency, good quality, and easy to control the processing conditions. With suitable abrasives, the machined surface roughness can reach Ra0.1 μm.

1.7 EDM ultrasonic compound polishing

To improve the surface roughness Ra1.6 μm above the polishing speed of the workpiece, the use of ultrasound and special high-frequency narrow pulse peak current pulse power for diamond compound polishing.

By ultrasonic vibration and electric pulse of corrosion at the same time on the surface of the workpiece, quickly reduce its surface roughness, which is obvious and very effective for polishing the rough surface of the injection mold after processing by turning, milling, EDM and wire-cutting processes.

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