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Marc Zwelling has written:

'The report of the Strikebreaking Committee' -- subject(s): Strikes and lockouts

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Marc Zwelling has written:

'The report of the Strikebreaking Committee' -- subject(s): Strikes and lockouts

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F. J. Hmiel has written:

'Anti-strikebreaking or job-protection ordinances of municipalities in New York State' -- subject(s): Law and legislation, Legal status, laws, Municipal officials and employees, Strikebreakers, Strikes and lockouts

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Fascism not limited to Italy and Germany, but it succeeded to acquire power in both countries :
•Hungary was one of the birthplaces of fascism.
•France: two major movements in the Action française and the Jeunesses patriotes (founded by the champagne magnate Pierre Taittinger in 1924 as a direct-action squad of students and youths).
•Romania had its National-Christian movement devoted to strikebreaking, disrupting liberal professor's classes, and campaigning to restrict the number of Jews in universities and the professions.
•Britain: Oswald Mosley's fascist movement was significant in the late 1920s and 1930s.
•Spain under Franco
•Portugal under Salazar

■Common origins and character (based on historian George Mosse, "The Genesis of Fascism"):

•A general "revolutionary" movement of the 1920s and 30s with common origins:
•attack on liberalism, faith in science and reason
•reassertion of individualism based not on reason but on emotion, instinct, and "the soul."
•a response to shared feelings of alientation from the modern age or "modernity" (1890s to 1940s), working for the restoration of what was deemed "traditional," be it morality, ethnic composition of a nation, etc.
•emphasis on action as opposed to thoughtful contemplation, reasonable debate, planning, etc.
•appealed to World War I veterans, who sought to re-experience the élan of the battlefield through activism, comraderie at home, action in paramilitary bands.
•a movement of youth, mainly bourgeois whether veterans or not, in rebellion against the existing social order
•key political element was directing the "revolt" into political crusades to realize the binding together of the 'true nation' and to restore the dignity of the individual though his re-uniting with his fellows who are part of the "race," "the Nation," or the "Volk."

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The Taft-Hartley act of 1947 was effectively a set of amendments to the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) of 1935. The NRLA prohibited "unfair labor practices" by employers. The amendments enacted in Taft-Hartley added a list of prohibited actions, or "unfair labor practices" on the part of unions. The Taft--Hartley Act prohibited jurisdictional strikes (strikes over who is assigned to do which jobs), wildcat strikes (strikes occurring without the approval of the union the workers belong to), solidarity strikes (political strikes), secondary boycotts (a strike for the purpose of trying to force a company not to do business with another company which may be the subject of a "primary" strike), "common situs" picketing (Picketing by a labor union of an entire construction project as a result of a grievance held against a single subcontractor on the project), closed shops (A closed shop is one where an employer may only hire union members and all workers in the shop must remain union members in order to keep their jobs. This differs from a "union shop" where an employer may hire non-union workers, but the non-union workers must then either join the union or pay some portion of the union dues in order to stay employed.), and monetary donations by unions to federal political campaigns. It also required union officers to sign non-communist affidavits with the government. The Taft-Hartley act also put several restrictions on Union Shops and states were allowed to pass "right-to-work" laws that prohibited requiring people to either join a union or pay dues as a condition of employment. The act also gave the President power to request strikebreaking injunctions (from the courts) if an impending or current strike "imperiled the national health or safety."

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Passed in 1947, the Taft-Hartley Act amended the National Labor Relations Act (also known as the Wagner Act) of 1935. These amendments were detrimental to the interests of working Americans seeking to form or join a labor union, as they outlawed virtually all union organizing techniques that had been successful under the previous legislation.

This legislation put a range of new restrictions on unions. It prohibited the "closed shop," forbid federal employees from striking, and required union leaders to swear they weren't Communists.

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