A system for transmitting messages from a distance along a wire, especially one creating signals by making and breaking an electrical connection.

You'll find the answer in the Telegraph, December 18.

During the Civil War, the telegraph took on tremendous importance. The south made the first use of the telegraph to rush troops to battle. Later, General McClelland used a telegraph to send information from a balloon concerning troop positions during a battle. Of course such usage would continue.

that's not a question

This could be either "early" or "late."