Aak
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AarhusKarlshamn AB
(OMX Stockholm:AAK)
|
Jungmansgatan 12 SE-211 19 Malmö, Sweden Tel. +46-454-82000 Fax +46-454-82820 |
Type: Public
On the web:
http://www.aak.com
Employees:
2,101
Employee growth: (1.4%)
AarhusKarlshamn, dba AAK, is one of the the world's leading manufacturers of plant-based specialty vegetable fats. The company organizes its business into three units: Chocolate & Confectionary Fats, which produces trans-fat-free fillings (also included cosmetics); Food Ingredients, including bakery, dairy, ice cream, infant formula, and other food service applications; and Technical Products & Feed, covering fatty acids, glycerines, biolubricants for machinery, and animal feed. Headquartered in Sweden, AAK obtains raw ingredients from Asia and West Africa and refines them at facilities in Denmark, Mexico, the US, the Netherlands, Sweden, Uruguay, and the UK. The company began in 1871 as an oil cake producer.
Key numbers for fiscal year ending December, 2010:
Sales: $2,182.7M
One year growth: (1.2%)
Net income: $92.3M
Income growth: (21.3%)
Officers:
Chairman: Melker Schörling
President, CEO, and Director: Arne Frank
VP and CFO: Anders Byström
Competitors:
ADM
Bunge Limited
Cargill
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For other uses, see AAK (disambiguation).
| Aak | |
|---|---|
| Hangul | 아악 |
| Hanja | 雅樂 |
| Revised Romanization | Aak |
| McCune–Reischauer | Aak |
Aak (pronounced: A'ak) is a genre of Korean court music. It is an imported form of Chinese ritual music. Aak is often labeled as "elegant music" in contrast with other traditional Korean music. Aak began as the music played during the Korean "Jongmyo Shrine's Jerye Ceremony," and was later used for other occasions, and as Korean court music, often with lyrics praising the current ruler.
Aak was brought to Korea in 1116 through a large gift of musical instruments from the Song Dynasty emperor Huizong. It remained very popular for a time (there were originally no fewer than 456 different melodies in use) before dying out. It was revived in 1430, based on a reconstruction of older melodies. The music is now highly specialized, and uses just two different surviving melodies. It is played only at certain very rare concerts, such as the Munmyo jeryeak (Sacrifice to Confucius) held each spring and autumn at the Munmyo shrine in Seoul.
Aak is one of three types of Korean court music; the other two are dangak and hyangak. Aak is similar to dangak in that both are rarely played and both have Chinese influences.
The article on Aak in the Encyclopaedia Britannica is the very first, though it consists only of a cross-reference to the article on gagaku.
See also
- Yayue
- Munmyo
- Dangak
- Hyangak
- Akhak Gwebeom
- National Center for Korean Traditional Performing Arts
- Traditional Korean musical instruments
- Korean music
- Gagaku
- Nhã nhạc
- Culture of Korea
- List of Korea-related topics
External links
- Korean ritual music
- A Study of Musical Instruments in Korean Traditional Music (The National Center for Korean Traditional Performing Arts, Ministry of Culture and Tourism, Republic of Korea, 1998)
- Old recordings of aak in the 1960s A collection of Korean court music videos
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