Abomey (ăbōmā', əbō'mē), town (1992 pop. 66,595), S Benin. It is the trade center for an agricultural region where grain, peanuts, and palm products are processed. The town is linked by railroad with Cotonou. Abomey was the capital of the kingdom of Dahomey (see Benin, founded in the early 17th cent. It dominated production and trade with European companies on the Slave Coast until the late 19th cent. Abomey was conquered by the French between 1892 and 1894. Ruins of the palaces of former Dahomey kings remain, and there is a museum.
Abomey
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| Abomey | |
|---|---|
| — Commune and city — | |
  Abomey
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| Coordinates: 7°11′8″N 1°59′17″E / 7.18556°N 1.98806°E | |
| Country |  Benin |
| Department | Zou Department |
| Elevation | 725 ft (221 m) |
| Population (2002) | |
| - Total | 66,595 |
| Time zone | WAT (UTC+1) |
Abomey is a town in Benin, formerly the capital of the ancient kingdom of Dahomey. The kingdom was established about 1625.
Contents |
The Royal Palaces of Abomey
The royal palaces of Abomey are a group of earthen structures built by the Fon people between the mid-17th and late 19th Centuries. One of the most famous and historically significant traditional sites in West Africa, the palaces form one of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
The town was surrounded by a mud wall with a circumference estimated at six miles (Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1911), pierced by six gates, and protected by a ditch five feet deep, filled with a dense growth of prickly acacia, the usual defence of West African strongholds. Within the walls were villages separated by fields, several royal palaces, a market-place and a large square containing the barracks. In November 1892, Behanzin, the last independent reigning king of Dahomey, being defeated by French colonial forces, set fire to Abomey and fled northward. The French colonial administration rebuilt the town and connected it with the coast by a railroad.
| Royal Palaces of Abomey* | |
|---|---|
| UNESCO World Heritage Site | |
| State Party | Benin |
| Type | Cultural |
| Criteria | iii, iv |
| Reference | 323 |
| Region** | Africa |
| Inscription history | |
| Inscription | 1985 (9th Session) |
| Endangered | 1985-2007 |
| * Name as inscribed on World Heritage List. ** Region as classified by UNESCO. |
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When UNESCO designated the royal palaces of Abomey as a World Heritage Site in 1985 it stated
- From 1625 to 1900 twelve kings succeeded one another at the head of the powerful Kingdom of Abomey. With the exception of King Akaba, who used a separate enclosure, they each had their palaces built within the same cob-wall area, in keeping with previous palaces as regards the use of space and materials. The royal palaces of Abomey are a unique reminder of this vanished kingdom.
From 1993, 50 of the 56 bas-reliefs that formerly decorated the walls of King Glèlè (now termed the 'Salle des Bijoux') have been located and replaced on the rebuilt structure. The bas-reliefs carry an iconographic program expressing the history and power of the Fon people.
Today, the city is of less importance, but is still popular with tourists and as a centre for crafts.
Threats
As reported by UNESCO World Heritage News, the Royal Palaces of Abomey suffered from a fire on January 21st, 2009, "which destroyed several buildings."[1] The fire was the most recent disaster which has plagued the site, coming after a powerful tornado damaged the site in 1984.[2]
Demographics
| Year | Population[3] |
|---|---|
| 1860s | 24 000 |
| 1979 | 38 412 |
| 1992 | 65 725 |
| 2002 | 77 997 |
| 2008 (estimate) | 87 344 |
Gallery
 "Important witchdoctors" (1908) |
._-_Dance_of_the_Fon_chiefs.jpg) Dance of the Fon chiefs 1908 |
 Young girl with wooden statue of mystic chair (1908) |
 Abomey in 2006 |
References
- ^ UNESCO World Heritage news, February 13, 2009
- ^ History.com
- ^ "{{subst:PAGENAME}}". World Gazetteer. http://world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=&men=gpro&lng=en&des=wg&geo=-35&srt=npan&col=abcdefghinoq&msz=1500&pt=c&va=&geo=346914209. Retrieved 2008-12-19.
External links
Coordinates: 7°11′8″N 1°59′17″E / 7.18556°N 1.98806°E
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