- A colorless, flammable, volatile liquid, CH3CH(OC2H5)2, used in cosmetics and as a solvent.
- Any of the class of compounds formed from aldehydes combined with alcohol.
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A geminal diether (R1 = H). Ketals, considered a subclass of acetals, are also geminal diethers (R1 = C, aliphatic or aromatic). Acetals are (1) independent structural units or a part of certain biological and commercial polymers, (2) blocking or protecting groups for complex molecules undergoing selective synthetic transformations, and (3) entry compounds for independent organic chemical reactions. See also Polyacetal.
Acetals are easily prepared by the reaction of aldehydes with excess alcohol, under acid-catalyzed conditions. This is usually a two-step process (see reaction below) in which an aldehyde is

An organic compound formed by a combination of an aldehyde with an alcohol.
An acetal is a molecule with two single bonded oxygens attached to the same carbon atom.
Traditional usages distinguish ketal from acetals; where the acetal has one R group as H-. Current accepted terminology classifies ketals as a subset of acetals. For engineering applications, "acetal" is shorthand for the plastic polyoxymethylene, which is a polyacetal.
Formation of an acetal occurs when the hydroxyl group of a hemiacetal becomes protonated and is lost as water. The oxonium ion that is produced is then rapidly attacked by a molecule of alcohol. Loss of the proton from the attached alcohol gives the acetal. Acetals are stable compared to hemiacetals but their formation is reversible as with esters. As a reaction to create an acetal proceeds, water must be removed from the reaction mixture or it will hydrolyse the product. The formation of acetals reduces the total number of molecules present and therefore is not favourable with regards to entropy. A way to improve this is to use an orthoester as a source of alcohol. Aldehydes and ketones undergo a process called acetal exchange with orthoesters to give acetals. Water produced along with the acetal product is used up in hydrolysing the orthoester and producing more alcohol to be used in the reaction.
Acetals are important in nature, for example in solution the most stable form of glucose is its cyclic hemiacetal and maltose is an acetal made from two glucose units. Acetaldehyde diethyl acetal is an important flavouring compound in distilled beverages.[1]
Acetals are sometimes used as protecting groups for carbonyl groups in organic synthesis as they are stable with respect to hydrolysis by bases.
Advantages of use of acetal based plastics
Disadvantages of use of acetal based plastics
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Nederlands (Dutch)
acetaal (chemische verbinding)
Deutsch (German)
n. - (chem.) Acetal
Ελληνική (Greek)
n. - (χημ.) ακετάλη
Português (Portuguese)
n. - acetal (m) (Quím.)
中文(简体) (Chinese (Simplified))
乙缩醛, 乙缩醛二乙醇
中文(繁體) (Chinese (Traditional))
n. - 乙縮醛, 乙縮醛二乙醇
日本語 (Japanese)
n. - アセタール, アセタール樹脂
العربيه (Arabic)
(الاسم) أسيتال : سائل طيار عديم اللون
עברית (Hebrew)
n. - תרכובת אורגנית שנוצרה מדחיסה של שתי פרודות אלכוהול עם פרודת אלדהיד, אצטאל (תרכובת)
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