acrylic acid

Acrylic acid[1]
IUPAC name	propenoic acid
Other names	acroleic acid ethylenecarboxylic acid propene acid propenoic acid vinylformic acid
Identifiers
CAS number	[79-10-7]
RTECS number	AS4375000
SMILES	C=CC(=O)O
Properties
Molecular formula	C3H4O2
Molar mass	72.06 g mol−1
Appearance	clear, colorless liquid
Density	1.051 g/mL
Melting point	14 °C, 287 K, 57 °F
Boiling point	141 °C, 414 K, 286 °F
Solubility in water	Miscible
Acidity (pKa)	4.25
Viscosity	1.3 cP at 20 °C (68 °F)
Hazards
MSDS	MSDS
R-phrases	R10 R20/21/22 R35 R50
S-phrases	S26 S36/37/39 S45 S61
Flash point	68 °C (154 °F)
Related compounds
Other anions	acrylate
Related carboxylic acids	acetic acid propionic acid lactic acid 3-hydroxypropionic acid malonic acid butyric acid crotonic acid
Related compounds	propenol propionaldehyde acrolein methyl acrylate
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox references

Acrylic acid or prop-2-enoic acid is a chemical compound and it is the simplest unsaturated carboxylic acid with a vinyl group at the α-carbon position and a carboxylic acid terminus. In its pure form, acrylic acid is a clear, colorless liquid with a characteristic acrid or tart smell. It is miscible with water, alcohols, ethers, and chloroform. Acrylic acid is produced from propene, a gaseous product of oil refineries.

Acrylic acid undergoes the typical reactions of a carboxylic acid and, when reacted with an alcohol, it will form the corresponding ester. The esters and salts of acrylic acid are collectively known as acrylates (or propenoates). The most common alkyl esters of acrylic acid are methyl-, butyl-, ethyl-, and 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate.

Acrylic acid and its esters readily combine with themselves or other monomers (e.g amides, acrylonitrile, vinyl, styrene, and butadiene) by reacting at their double bond, forming homopolymers or copolymers which are used in the manufacture of various plastics, coatings, adhesives, elastomers, as well as floor polishes and paints.

Safety

Acrylic acid is severely irritating and corrosive to the skin. Eye contact can result in severe corneal burns and may result in irreversible injury. Inhalation of vapors may cause irritation to the respiratory tract, drowsiness or headache, although simply smelling the monomers does not mean you are being exposed to a hazard (air monitoring is necessary to determine exposure). Low exposure will cause minimal or no health effects, while high exposure could result in pulmonary edema.

See also

• Methacrylic acid
• Acryloyl chloride
• Acrylamide
• Acrylate polymers
• Sodium polyacrylate
• Propionic acid
• Acryloyl group

References

External links

• National Pollutant Inventory: Acrylic acid