Action Force was a range of comic book characters and action figures initially based on Action Man.

History

First generation (1982)

First produced in 1982 by Palitoy Limited and released in two waves, the action figures were a response to falling sales of the company's larger Action Man range and the comparative success of the smaller Star Wars action figures which it was licensed to sell in Europe.^[1]

Called Action Force the figures were a mixture of historical military figures (for example a Desert Rat and German Stormtrooper) and more contemporary soldiers (for example Arctic and Naval Assault characters). The range was kept international, in contrast to G.I. Joe, including British, Australian and United States soldiers. However, unlike later releases the figures were not accompanied by file cards (on the reverse of the figures' packaging) giving the figures back-stories nor were they featured in comic books, other than a series of mini-comics that were packaged with some of the vehicles (notably the AF-3 and AF-5, see below)

List of figures

• Arctic Assault
• Australian Jungle Fighter
• British 2 Para
• British Commando
• British Royal Marine
• Commander (available by mail in offer only)
• Deep Sea Diver^[2]
• Desert Rat
• Frogman
• German Stormtrooper
• Ground Assault
• Helicopter Pilot
• Mission Pilot
• Mountain & Arctic
• Naval Assault
• Night Patrol^[3]
• S.A.S Frogman
• S.A.S Trooper
• US Paratrooper

Vehicles, weaponry and armour

• Action Force Base (a cardboard headquarters with zip-line feature)
• AF-3 (a Jeep-style patrol vehicle)^[4]
• AF-5 Multi-Mission Vehicle (a wheeled patrol vehicle with extendable wings for flight and a detachable flotation collar for amphibious use)^[5]
• AF-7 Deep Sea Diver Platform
• AF-9 Mountain & Arctic (a snowmobile-style vehicle)

Second generation (1983)

Following the success of the first generation, a second much larger range was launched in 1983. Action Force sales figures were in the region of almost one million over six months in 1983 and the range was further expanded with a second wave of releases in 1984, adding new figures and vehicles.^[1]

Characterisation

This second generation took a different approach by grouping the allied action figures and enemies each with accompanying weaponry and vehicles (see below).

At this stage the figures were given comic book identities by a new range of stories featuring in the Battle Action Force comic (see Battle Action Force tie-in below). The toys were also supplied with file cards giving a brief profile of the character. These profiles were in turn expanded in Battle Action Force, often for key figures, with their own multi-issue storylines (for example The Black Major^[6])

Z Force

See Z Force

• An allied infantry and artillery-based unit

SAS Force

See SAS Force

• An allied special operations team

Q Force

See Q Force

• An allied ocean-based team

Space Force

See Space Force

• An allied space operations team

Red Shadows

See Red Shadows

• The unified enemy force known as the Red Shadows and led by Baron Ironblood

Toys

Both action figures and vehicles themselves borrowed elements from the first generation models and also new casts licensed from the G. I. Joe range from Hasbro in the United States.

At this time the Action Force range was marketed heavily and branched out into Atari video games (see Action Force (video game)), audio stories on cassette tapes, stationery and toiletries. There was also an Action Force fan club promoted both on the figures’ packaging^[7] and in the Battle Action Force comic book.

In 1984 additional figures and vehicles were cast, borrowing more heavily from the G. I. Joe and Cobra ranges.

Third generation (1985)

See also AF (Action figures)

Eventually, in 1985 Palitoy ceded control of the European market to Hasbro following the death of one of Palitoy's owners (Alfred Pallett) and the winding-up of operations at their Leicester factory. Hasbro purchased the Palitoy factory, copyrights and moulds^[8] and began to package G.I. Joe figures under the Action Force brand. In characterisation terms, this move marked the end of the sub-grouping of the Action Force team and a new unified Action Force (or AF) also faced a new enemy in the name of Cobra.

The parallel comic book storylines also maintained continuity with a number of plotlines that blended elements of the second generation with the third, featuring the new characters as an international elite anti-terrorist unit of a wider Action Force still backed up by the Z Force, SAS and other units fighting Cobra, the Red Shadows and even a re-animated Adolf Hitler and the Nazis^[9] (despite being ostensibly set in the present day). Over time however the range melded into an unreconstructed G. I. Joe force and its enemy Cobra.

Battle Action Force tie-in

See also Battle Action Force

The Action Force characters initially guest-featured in a comic strip serial in Battle for four weeks in July 1983. The strip proved to be so popular that a further five promotional mini-comics were included free with every IPC publication in the weeks to follow. On 8 October 1983 Action Force joined the pages of Battle full-time and the title was relaunched Battle Action Force.

The comic took on the role of providing back stories and plotlines to the popular action figures and helped to maintain the continuity of Hasbro’s move to marketing the G. I. Joe range in Britain.

In addition the yearly annuals, mail-in offers, advertisements and free gifts were all focused towards adding detail and context to the Action Force universe.

Following the closure of Palitoy in 1986 and Hasbro acquiring the various intellectual property rights to the Action Force toy line, the Action Force strip was cancelled. The Battle Action Force magazine was subsequently merged with Eagle. After a brief period where Hasbro’s G. I. Joe stories featured in Marvel UK’s title with a number of retcon difficulties,^[10] the strips were discontinued.

Distinction from G. I. Joe

The characters created by Battle Action Force and detailed on the file cards were more international in their nature than their G. I. Joe equivalents. Character file cards and comic book storylines in both the second and third generation were altered in the European market to have mixed nationalities in contrast to the US-centric G.I. Joe characters.

Action Force Canon

Due in part to their disjointed comic book heritage and the volume of backstory material that supported the toy range, there are some difficulties with the continuity of Action Force storylines. In particular the comicbook stories often struggled to keep pace with the retconning required around the time of the transition to G.I. Joe (see above)^[10] and earlier with the introduction of G.I. Joe-influenced characters and vehicles that were at odds with the first wave of Palitoy releases and characterisations.

As a result, several attempts have been made to establish an Action Force canon, building on accepted official works (such as the Battle Action Force publications and Palitoy-endorsed releases). The most comprehensive of these to date is the Action Force Datafiles.^[11]

Action Force in Germany

The second-generation Action Force figures were also marketed in West Germany during the 1980s, albeit without the benefit of a comicbook tie-in. The German releases went under the title of Action Force who fought the "Terror-Bande" (roughly translated as "Terror Gang"). The German release only extended to the first wave of second-generation figures and characters (some 30 figures and vehicles) however the characters and vehicles were still grouped in their sub-units: anti-terror team (or ATT) corresponding to Z-Force; the special anti-terror team (or SATT) corresponding to SAS Force, the deep-sea anti-terror team (or TSATT) corresponding to Q Force and the space anti-terror team (or WATT) corresponding to Space Force.^[12]

Without comic backstories, the figures were given context by the following statement (translated) which was retrospectively attached to the German packaging:

"The world of Action Force. The story of Action Force takes place in the year 2011. The world population has for a long time lived in peace and liberty, united under the rule of a democratic world regime. Baron Ironblood, the last criminal, strikes terror with a gang of enslaved adventurers, with intelligent robots and the world's most innovative weapons. His goal: to take over the world. Action Force was set up by the world government and fights this dangerous enemy with various special units: ATT, SATT, TSATT and WATT. Their orders: all terrorists must be captured, no one shall be killed."^[12]

In a country still concerned by its destructive past, German toy distributors modified certain aspects of the Action Force range to appear less violent. According to researchers of the German Palitoy range, most of the guns supplied with the figures were replaced by "less violent" stun-weapons, laser-weapons or knives. Also the human skull on the Red Shadow (or Terror-Bande) figures was removed from the toyline.^[12]

References

1. ^ ^{a b} The Action Force collection at Leicestershire County Council Museum
2. ^ Deep Sea Diver figure at Leicestershire Council Museum Collection
3. ^ Night Attack figure at Leicestershire Council Museum Collection
4. ^ Mini-comic storyline related to the AF-3 vehicle courtesy of Blood for the Baron!
5. ^ Mini-comic storyline related to the AF-5 vehicle courtesy of Blood for the Baron!
6. ^ The Black Major storyline courtesy of Blood for the Baron!
7. ^ Carded Red Shadow figure, part of the collection at Leicestershire County Council Museum, describing promotional packaging
8. ^ History of Palitoy at the Victoria & Albert Museum, London
9. ^ Death in South America storyline courtesy of Blood for the Baron!
10. ^ ^{a b} Action Force at JMM's G.I. Joe Comicbook History
11. ^ Action Force Datafiles
12. ^ ^{a b c} Action Force in Germany at ToyArchive.de

External links

• Action Force Online figure and vehicle archive
• Action Force Online Forum
• Blood For The Baron! Battle Action Force comic scans
• Blood For The Baron! Marvel UK Action Force comic scans
• YoJoe.com figure and vehicle archive
• A short history of Action Force from ActionFigure.com

Action Force
Toy Line	Action Force | AF | Action Man | G.I. Joe
Comics	Battle Action Force
Action Force Characters	Skip | Doc | Commander | Gaucho | Steeler | Jammer | Quarrel | Breaker | Tracker | Wheels | Scout | Shark | Leviathan | Phones | Dolphin | Surfer | Stakeout | Blades | Stalker | Sparrowhawk | Beaver | Hunter | Quickfire | Sky Raider | Moondancer | AF Characters
Action Force Units	Z Force | Q Force | Space Force | SAS
Action Force Villains	Baron Ironblood | The Black Major | Red Laser | Red Jackal | Red Shadow | Red Wolf | Muton | Kraken | Skeletron | Cobra Commander | Destro | Baroness | Zartan | Storm Shadow | Firefly
Factions	Red Shadows | Cobra | G.I. Joe Team
Video Games	Action Force

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