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aerarium (Saturni)

Central treasury of ancient Rome, housed in the Temple of Saturn. During the republic (509 – 27 BC), two quaestors managed the treasury and the Senate controlled it. All revenues were paid into the aerarium, and approved payments were made from it. Under the principate (27 BC – AD 305) the aerarium lost funds and importance as emperors and magistrates bypassed Senate control and drew directly from the fisci (various private and provincial treasuries). From AD 6 Augustus used taxes to fund the aerarium militare, a public treasury, to reward veterans, and the aerarium Saturni became the treasury of the city of Rome.

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