Ahmad Mahir Pasha
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Ahmad Mahir
c. 1886 - 1945
Egyptian politician; prime minister, 1944 - 1945.
Ahmad Mahir was one of the most important figures in the early history of the Wafd party in Egypt, which under the leadership of Saʿd Zaghlul came to prominence in Egyptian politics after World War I and the Egyptian Revolution of 1919. Son of Muhammad Mahir, Egypt's under-secretary of state for war, and brother of Ali Pasha Mahir, he attended Cairo University for a doctoral degree in law and economics.
Implicated in the November 1924 assassination of Sir Lee Stack, the British governor-general of the Sudan, but acquitted of all charges, Mahir occupied several ministerial positions in Wafd governments before being expelled from the party in January 1938, along with Mahmud Fahmi al-Nuqrashi, as a result of an internal party dispute. The two then founded the Saʿdist party (named for Saʿd Zaghlul). Mahir served as prime minister of Egypt from October 1944 to February 1945. During the preliminaries to the San Francisco conference at which the United Nations was to be founded, Mahir, believing that Egypt's future interests lay in participation, advocated a declaration of war against the Axis. On 24 February 1945 he was assassinated while presenting this proposal to the Egyptian parliament.
Bibliography
Deeb, Marius. Party Politics in Egypt: The Wafd and Its Rivals1919 - 1939. London: Ithaca Press, 1979.
— ROGER ALLEN
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Ahmad Mahir Pasha
Ahmed Maher Pasha (1888 – February 24, 1945) (Arabic: أحمد ماهر باشا) was the Prime Minister of Egypt from October 10, 1944 to February 24, 1945. He was a member of the Saadist Institutional Party and was appointed Prime Minister following the removal of Mustafa an-Nahhas Pasha by King Farouk.
After assuming power he called for new elections and opposed the candidacies of members of the Muslim Brotherhood, against whom he had declared a fatwa. All Muslim Brotherhood members were defeated in what were widely considered to be unfair elections.[citation needed] Maher then declared war against the Axis Powers in World War II, primarily to gain a diplomatic advantage at the end of the war (which was seen as imminent). Immediately after his announcement, Maher was assassinated at parliament by 28-year-old Mustafa Essawy. Although it was assumed that Essawy was a member of the Muslim Brotherhood, he later confessed that he was actually a member of the Wafd Party instead.
Ahmed Maher Pasha was the grandfather of Ahmed Maher, Egypt's Foreign Minister from 2001 to 2004, as well as Ambassador Aly Maher.
References
- "War & Death". Time Magazine. 1945-03-05. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,797138,00.html. Retrieved 2008-08-10.
- "Egyptian Premier Slain in Chamber". The New York Times, Feb. 25, 1945.
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| Preceded by Mustafa an-Nahhas Pasha |
Prime Minister of Egypt 1944–1945 |
Succeeded by Mahmoud an-Nukrashi Pasha |
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Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle East and North Africa. Copyright © 2004 by The Gale Group, Inc. All rights reserved.
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