ain't

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(ānt) pronunciation
Nonstandard
  1. Contraction of am not.
  2. Used also as a contraction for are not, is not, has not, and have not.

USAGE NOTE   Ain't has a long history of controversy. It first appeared in 1778, evolving from an earlier an't, which arose almost a century earlier as a contraction of are not and am not. In fact, ain't arose at the tail end of an era that saw the introduction of a number of our most common contractions, including don't and won't. But while don't and won't eventually became accepted at all levels of speech and writing, ain't was to receive a barrage of criticism in the 19th century for having no set sequence of words from which it can be contracted and for being a "vulgarism," that is, a term used by the lower classes, although an't at least had been originally used by the upper classes as well. At the same time ain't's uses were multiplying to include has not, have not, and is not, by influence of forms like ha'n't and i'n't. It may be that these extended uses helped fuel the negative reaction. Whatever the case, criticism of ain't by usage commentators and teachers has not subsided, and the use of ain't is often regarded as a sign of ignorance. • But despite all the attempts to ban it, ain't continues to enjoy extensive use in speech. Even educated and upper-class speakers see no substitute in folksy expressions such as Say it ain't so and You ain't seen nothin' yet. • The stigmatization of ain't leaves us with no happy alternative for use in first-person questions. The widely used aren't I? though illogical, was found acceptable for use in speech by a majority of the Usage Panel in an earlier survey, but in writing there is no acceptable substitute for the stilted am I not?



1. Ain't is one of the most controversial words in current English, arousing passions that one would never have dreamt of from such a seemingly inoffensive word. 'Do you hear? Don't say "ain't" or "dang" or "son of a buck"...You're not a pair of hicks!' scolds a mother in a New Yorker short story. In 1942 Eric Partridge could hardly bear to include it ('I blush to record it') in Usage and Abusage, and Webster's Third New International Dictionary of 1961 included it solely on grounds of currency, earning widespread condemnation for not castigating it more strongly. Because social disapproval is so strong, no dictionary of current English will admit it to the ranks of standard English. The reasons for this lie in the word's history.

2. Ain't has been an undisputed element in Cockney speech at least since the time of Dickens
('You seems to have a good sister.' 'She ain't half bad.'—Our Mutual Friend, 1865).
It also features widely in the language of comic strips and modern rap music (of US origin). The Old English (up to 1150)D notes that 'the contraction is also found as a (somewhat outmoded) upper-class colloquialism. It has also been espoused in intellectual circles as an affectation, which tends to confuse the issue
(I've not the spirit to pack up and go without him. Ain't I a craven—Virginia Woolf, 1938
Still working the Cape Cod and Florida cycle. And it ain't too bad—Yale Alumni Magazine).


3. The formation of ain't is irregular, which in part accounts for the stigma attached to it. It is an 18th century word, attested earlier in the form an't (e.g. in Fielding). Unlike other contractions, such as isn't, aren't, and haven't, ain't is not a reduced form of any logical ancestor. Note, by the way, that aren't also is exceptional in being used in tag questions for am I not as well as are they not, are you not, and so on (I'm coming too, aren't I?). The logical contraction amn't, is not in use, presumably because it would be too awkward to articulate (and might be shortened to an't or ain't?).

4. It is unlikely that ain't will be admitted to standard English in the foreseeable future, if ever. For now, it stands at the door, out on the pavement, not yet part of the language household except as an affectation or in catchphrases, at best handled with tweezers and at worst regarded as the clearest single token of illiteracy.

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  1. ain't
    verb

    Contracted form of 'are not', also used for 'am not' and 'is not'. It is characteristic of the working-class dialects of London and other areas, and was formerly also found in British upper-class speech. (1778 —) .
    Dickens 'You seem to have a good sister.' 'She ain't half bad' (1865).
  2. ain't
    verb

    Contracted form of 'have not' and 'has not'. (1845 —) .
    Dialect Notes He ain't got sense enough to carry guts to a bear (1914).



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Dansk (Danish)
cont. - er ikke, har ikke

Nederlands (Dutch)
ben/is/zijn niet

Français (French)
cont. - (contr.) être/avoir (à la forme négative)

Deutsch (German)
cont. - bin/ist/sind nicht, habe/hat/haben nicht

Ελληνική (Greek)
abbr. - (καθομ.) δεν είμαι κ.λπ., δεν έχω κ.λπ.

Italiano (Italian)
non sono/è

Português (Portuguese)
abbr. - forma contraída de am not, is not, are not

Русский (Russian)
разговорная форма глагола "не быть"

Español (Spanish)
cont. - no ser, no estar

Svenska (Swedish)
abbr. - am not, have not

中文(简体)(Chinese (Simplified))
不是

中文(繁體)(Chinese (Traditional))
cont. - 不是

한국어 (Korean)
cont. - 그렇지 않고

日本語 (Japanese)
abbr. - am not

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(اختصار) إختصار لكلمتين وتعني ألنفي‏

עברית (Hebrew)
cont. - ‮לא, איני, אינך, אינו, אינם‬


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