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For more information on Al Unser, visit Britannica.com.
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| Biography: Al Unser |
Although Al Unser (born 1939) may not be ranked as the greatest race-car driver of all time, he is the most successful racer in the history of the Indianapolis 500 Motor Speedway. During his three-decade career Unser had four first-place finishes, three second-place finishes, four third-place finishes, one fourth-place finish, one fifth-place finish, and two other top-ten finishes in the race.
Alfred Unser was born on May 29, 1939, in Albuquerque, New Mexico. The youngest of four brothers, he grew up in a racing family. His father Jerry and uncles Louis and Joe were or had been race car drivers, and although they never made it to the Indianapolis 500 they were annual competitors in Colorado's Pikes Peak International Hill Climb starting in 1926. Joe Unser was the first member of the Unser family to lose his life racing, dying in 1929 following an accident in Colorado while testdriving a FWD Coleman Special.
A Family Affair
Unser's eldest brother, Jerry, a rising star in the racing world, was the reigning national stock car champion in 1956. Jerry Unser became the first family member to compete in the Indianapolis 500 in 1958, finishing 31st. A year later, he lost his life following a fiery crash during a practice run, leaving other family members to compete in his stead. By 2002 six Unsers had competed in the Indy 500: brothers Al and Bobby, as well as Al's son, Al Jr., with a combined nine victories, had walked away with over a quarter of all Indy first-place wins. Bobby Unser (born 1934) made his first appearance in the Indy 500 in 1963 and won the race in 1968, 1975, and 1981. Al Unser, Jr. (born 1962) went on to become the first second-generation Indy 500 champion. Besides Al Jr., other Indy competitors in the Unser family include Jerry's son Johnny and Bobby's son Robby.
The Indy 500
The first Indianapolis 500 was held on Memorial Day 1911, at the Indianapolis, Indiana Motor Speedway. Built in 1909 as a testing ground for Indiana's then rapidly expanding automobile industry, the Indianapolis Motor Speedway was originally used to promote automobile sales. Affectionately known as "The Brickyard," the track was originally surfaced with paving bricks. Although the modern track is covered by asphalt, most of the original paving bricks are still in place under the asphalt surface. Running 2.5 miles in length, the track has four turns linked by two long straight sections and two short straight sections. Today, billed as the Greatest Spectacle in Racing, the 500-mile competition is America's premier automobile race, pitting drivers against each other as they travel at average speeds well in excess of 150 miles per hour (mph).
In 1957 18-year-old Unser began driving modified roadsters in Albuquerque. He first drove in the Pike's Peak Hill Climb in 1960, taking second in that race to his older brother Bobby's first. He also won the dirt track "Hoosier Hundred" four years in a row. In 1964 Unser made his Indy car debut in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Later the same year he won the Pikes Peak Hill Climb, putting an end to his brother Bobby's six-year winning streak. During this time he also raced sprints and midgets.
In 1965 Unser entered his first Indy 500, finishing ninth after starting in the last row. That same year he also captured his first "champ car" victory at Pikes Peak. In 1967 he came in second in the Indy 500, finishing behind A. J. Foyt, and claimed his first lead position by posting the fastest qualifying speed. Racing United States Auto Club stock cars, Unser was named Rookie of the Year, and in 1968 won five consecutive races and took five poles - the pole, or lead starting, position is awarded to the car with the fastest qualifying time. He was unable to compete in the 1969 Indy 500 due to a broken leg, but the year nevertheless saw him win five races in 19 starts.
"Everything Went Right"
In 1970 Unser drove his Johnny Lightning Special to an Indy 500 victory after leading for all but ten of the 200 laps and maintaining an average speed of 155.749 mph. Among his competitors in the race was his brother Bobby. Aided by a pit crew able to provide the driver with lightning-quick pit stops, Unser went on to accumulate a total of ten victories on oval road and dirt tracks during the 1970 season, earning him the United States Auto Club national championship. In the same year, he took eight poles, including at Indianapolis. Unser would later tell ESPN.com: "Everything went right that year. Everything. The car was right. The mechanics. I was right. You find that very seldom. I was almost un-beatable."
In 1971 Unser repeated his previous year's Indy 500 victory, averaging 157.735 mph to become one of only four back-to-back winners. He has maintained that the biggest difference in his two victories was that, after the second one, he did not have any trouble finding the victory lane. There was a near tragedy during the 1971 race, however, when Unser's brother Bobby was involved in a two-car crash. Unser, though he saw the accident, didn't find out whether his brother was alright until the next lap, when he saw Bobby standing beside the track waving at him.
Life in the Slow Lane
Following his 1971 repeat Indy 500 win, Unser went four years with only a single major racing victory. In 1972 he just missed his bid to become the first person to win the Indy 500 three times in a row after he finished second to Mark Donohue. In 1973 Unser joined the Penske racing team, posting ten top-five finishes and claiming a second PPG Industries championship.
In 1977 Unser won races at Pocono, Milwaukee, and Phoenix. He also came in second in Indy-car points - points are awarded to the fastest qualifier and to the driver leading by the most laps in a race-and won the International Race of Champions (IROC) championship. The following year he took racing's Triple Crown by winning at Indianapolis, Pocono, and Ontario. He also recaptured the IROC championship.
A Long Shot
Entering the 1978 Indianapolis 500 in a FNCTC Chaparral Lola, Unser was considered a long shot in that year's race. Then, during the 75th lap, he took the lead. With less than a third of the race remaining, his closest competitor blew an engine and Unser went on to win the race with an average speed of 161.363 mph. Unser's combined victories at Indianapolis, Pocono, and the California 500's in 1978 made him the first driver to clinch what were quickly dubbed "Triple Crown" honors.
In 1983 Unser became the first driver to race against his son, Al Jr., in the Indy 500, then went on to capture the Championship Auto Racing Teams (CART) championship series. Two years later, at the age of 46, he became the oldest ranking Indy car-CART champion after defeating Al Unser, Jr. by one point.
The Old Man
The year 1987 marked Unser's most exciting Indy 500 victory. That year car owner Roger Penske dropped the 48-year-old Unser from his racing team in favor of a younger driver named Danny Ongais. After Ongais crashed his car into a wall during practice shortly before qualifications, both the driver and Penske's car were out of commission. The Penske team quickly began readying a used 1986 March that had been sitting in a hotel lobby in Pennsylvania and installed a Cosworth DFX engine in the March after they were unable to find a preferred Chevy engine for it. Penske asked Unser to race the car at Indy.
Accepting Penske's offer, Unser took his first practice laps in the March only three days before the second weekend of Indy 500 qualifications. On race day, after starting in the 20th position, Unser took the lead during the 183rd lap and sped to victory with an average speed of 162.175 mph. The win - Unser's fourth - tied him with A. J. Foyt for the most wins in the Indy 500. At the same time, Unser also broke his brother Bobby's record as the oldest Indy 500 winner. A year later, in 1988, Unser became the record holder for the most laps led - 625 - at the Indy 500.
Retirement and Legacy
Unser announced his retirement on May 17, 1994, a day after the 54-year-old race-car driver attempted to qualify for his 28th Indy 500 race. As Unser told ESPN.com, "I always said if the day came when I wasn't producing the right way, if I wasn't happy, I'd get out… . The time has come. A driver has to produce 100 percent. You can't just come in and strap one of these cars on and expect to give answers to the team that they need. I finally realized that it just wasn't there, and I wasn't producing like I should."
At his retirement Unser ranked first in points earned at the Indianapolis 500; second in miles driven and total money won; and - a tie - in total number of Indy 500 starts. In a racing career lasting from 1964 to 1994 he won the Indianapolis 500 four times - in 1970, 1971, 1978, and 1987 - and earned victories in 35 other races. By the time he called it quits, Unser's 39 career CART victories placed him third behind A. J. Foyt's 67 and Mario Andretti's 52 wins. Before retiring in 1994, Unser had won over $6 million on the Indy car circuit. He also achieved distinction as one of only three drivers to win on paved ovals, road courses, and dirt tracks in a single season, a feat he accomplished three years running (1968, 1969, and 1970). Unser was inducted in the Motorsports Hall of Fame in 1991. Andretti, in an interview with ESPN.com, praised Unser as one of the top five racers who had ever lived.
Books
Keyser, Michael, The Speed Merchants: The Drivers, the Cars, the Tracks: A Journey through the World of Motor Racing, 1969-1972, R. Bentley, 1998.
Online
"Al Unser," Motorsports Hall of Fame,http://www.motorsportshalloffame.com/halloffame/1998/Al_Unser_Sr_main.htm (January 20, 2003).
"Al Unser, Sr. Had Race Savvy," ESPN.com,http://espn.go.com/classic/biography/s/Unser_al.html (January 20. 2003).
"Al, You're My Hero," World of Racing Web site,http://www.bjwor.com/2k1210.html (January 17, 2002).
"Carving the Unser Name into Racing Legend," Barnes Dyer Marketing Web site,http://www.trainingforum.com/Speakers/aunser.html (January 20, 2003).
"History of the Indianapolis 500," http://ims.brickyard.com/history.php (January 20, 2003).
| Columbia Encyclopedia: Al Unser |
| Quotes By: Bobby Unser |
Quotes:
"Desire! That's the one secret of every man's career. Not education. Not being born with hidden talents. Desire."
"Nobody remembers who finished second but the guy who finished second."
| Wikipedia: Al Unser |
| Nationality | |
|---|---|
| Champ Car career | |
| Active years | 1965 - 1993 |
| Team(s) | Longhorn, Penske, Granatelli, Porsche, A. J. Foyt, Menard, King |
| Race starts | 114 |
| Championships | 2 (1983, 1985) |
| Wins | 4 |
| Podium finishes | 27 |
| Pole positions | 4 |
| First race | 1979 Arizona Republic / Jimmy Bryan 150 (Phoenix) |
| First win | 1979 Miller High Life (Phoenix) |
| Last win | 1987 Indianapolis 500 |
| Last race | 1993 Indianapolis 500 |
Alfred "Al" Unser (born May 29, 1939) is a former American automobile racing driver, the younger brother of fellow racing drivers Jerry and Bobby Unser, and father of Al Unser, Jr.. He is the second of three men to have won the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race four times, the fourth of five to have won the race in consecutive years, and is the only person to have both a sibling (Bobby) and child (Al Jr.) as fellow winners. Al's nephews Johnny and Robby Unser have also competed in the 500.
After his son Al Jr. joined the top circuit in 1983, Unser has generally been known by the retronymic name of "Al Unser, Sr."
Contents |
Unser was born in Albuquerque, New Mexico. His father Jerry Unser and two uncles, Louis and Joe, were also drivers. Beginning in 1926 they competed in the Pikes Peak International Hill Climb, an annual road race held in Colorado.
Joe Unser became the first member of the Unser clan to lose his life to the sport, killed while test-driving an FWD Coleman Special on the Denver highway in 1929.
Al's oldest brother Jerry became the first Unser to drive at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway, qualifying 23rd and finishing 31st in the 1958 Indianapolis 500. However, tragedy struck the next year when he was killed from injuries sustained in a fiery crash during a practice session.
Middle brother Bobby drove in his first Indianapolis 500 in 1963, becoming in 1968 the first member of the family to win, and in 1983 son Al Unser Jr. drove in his first.
He began racing in 1957, at age 18, initially competing primarily in modified roadsters, sprint cars and midgets. In 1965 he raced in the Indianapolis 500 for the first time and finished ninth.
He won the Indy 500 in 1970, two years after his brother, Bobby. During the race, he led for all but 10 of the 200 laps and averaged 155.749 miles per hour (250.654 km/h). His quick pit stops were a factor in the victory. That season he won a record 10 times on oval, road and dirt tracks to capture the United States Auto Club national championship. Unser competed in USAC's Stock Car division in 1967, and was the series Rookie of the Year.
In 1971 he won the Indy 500 again, starting from the fifth position with an average speed of 157.735 mph.
Unser's bid to become the first three-time consecutive Indy 500 champion was thwarted when he finished second to Mark Donohue in the 1972 Indianapolis 500.
Despite starting the 1978 Indianapolis 500 from the fifth position in an FNCTC Chaparral Lola, Unser's car was considered before the race to be a second-tier entry at best, if not an outright long shot to win. Moving to the front of the field for the first time on lap 75, he and opponent Danny Ongais engaged in an on-again off-again duel for 75 more laps, before an engine failure on Ongais' car on lap 150 allowed Unser to assume a commanding 35 second lead. Although suffering right front-wing misalignment due to impacting a tire on his final pit stop, a situation that led to the lead shrinking steadily over the race's final 20 laps, it nevertheless proved wide enough for victory by 9 seconds to spare at the checkered flag. Unser's race average speed of 161.363 mph (259.689 km/h) ranked as the then-second fastest ever run (one mile per hour less than the then-1972 record), and would not itself be topped for second for four more years.
In 1987, Penske's slate of drivers included Mears, Ongais and Danny Sullivan. Unser was dropped.
Ongais crashed into the wall during the first week of practice, suffering a serious concussion, and was declared unfit to drive. Penske then turned to Unser to fill in. Both the new Penske PC16 race car and its new Chevrolet-Ilmor engine had been unreliable throughout testing, practice and qualifying. Penske elected to race the backup car, a 1986 March-Cosworth, the same combination of chassis and engine that had won the previous four Indy 500s. The year-old March was removed from a Penske Racing display at a Sheraton hotel in the team's hometown of Reading, Pennsylvania, and hurriedly prepared for a return to active competition.
At start Unser was in the 20th position. On a day when heavy attrition felled most of the field's front-runners, including the overwhelmingly dominant Newman-Haas entry of Mario Andretti, Unser worked his way steadily forward and took the lead on the 183rd lap, after Roberto Guerrero's car stalled on his final pit stop. Averaging 162.175 mph (260.995 km/h), Unser bested a charging Guerrero by 4.5 seconds to win his fourth Indy 500, only five days before his 48th birthday. In doing so he tied Foyt as the winningest Indy 500 driver and broke brother Bobby's record as the oldest Indy winner.
Unser rode the wave of his fourth Indy victory to secure a ride at Penske for the Michigan 500, Pocono 500, and Marlboro Challenge for 1987. It also helped him secure a ride at the three 500-miles races (Indianapolis, Michigan, Pocono) in 1988 and 1989 as well.
After reorganization at Team Penske in 1990, Unser was finally crowded out of his part-time ride. With competitive rides filling up, and his career dwindling down, he joined the sub-par Patrick Racing Alfa Romeo team for 1990. After dropping out at Indy, Unser crashed in practice at Michigan and broke his leg. He quit the team after the crash.
Unser sat out the 1991 race due to the fact he could not find a competitive ride. He refused to resign with Patrick, and missed the race for the first time since 1969. In 1992, Unser entered the month of May for the second year in a row without a ride. During the first week of practice, Nelson Piquet was involved in a serious crash, and was unable to drive. Unser was hired by Team Menard to fill the position vacated by Piquet.
Unser drove to a 3rd place finish, his son Al Unser, Jr. won the race. It was Team Menard's best Indy 500 finish, the best finish ever for the Buick Indy engine, and the first time the Buick engine had gone the entire 500 miles (800 km). In 1993, driving for King Racing, he led 15 laps to extend his career laps-led record.
Unser entered the 1994 race with Arizona Motorsports, hoping to qualify for what would be his 28th Indy 500. The team was very underfunded, and Unser had considerable trouble getting the car up to speed. On the first weekend of qualifying, he waved off after a poor qualifying lap. After some minimal practice the following day, he quit the team. He announced his retirement on May 17, 1994.
Unser has led the most laps of any driver in the history of the Indianapolis 500, at 644. Unser broke Ralph DePalma's long standing record of 612 laps led on the last lap of his 4th victory.
Unser holds the record of being the oldest driver to ever win the 500 at 47 years old (1987), breaking the previous record set by his brother Bobby.
Unser won two 500 mile races at Pocono (in 1976 and 1978) and two more at Ontario (in 1977 and 1978) bringing his total of 500 mile race wins (including four Indianapolis 500s) to eight.
Unser also won the National Championship in 1970, 1983, and 1985.
Unser was the 1978 IROC champion. He also competed in the 1968 Daytona 500 and four other NASCAR Winston Cup & Grand National races, all held on road courses with a best finish of fourth (twice).
| Year | Team | Wins | Points | Championship Finish |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1979 | Chaparral Racing | 1 | 2085 | 5th |
| 1980 | Longhorn Racing | 0 | 1153 | 8th |
| 1981 | Longhorn Racing | 0 | 90 | 10th |
| 1982 | Longhorn Racing | 0 | 125 | 7th |
| 1983 | Penske Racing | 1 | 151 | 1st |
| 1984 | Penske Racing | 0 | 76 | 9th |
| 1985 | Penske Racing | 1 | 151 | 1st |
| 1986 | Penske Racing | 0 | 0 | |
| 1987 | Penske/Porsche/Granatelli | 1 | 39 | 13th |
| 1988 | Penske/Granatelli | 0 | 22 | 19th |
| 1989 | Penske Racing | 0 | 14 | 16th |
| 1990 | Patrick Racing | 0 | 0 | |
| 1991 | Foyt Racing | 0 | 0 | |
| 1992 | Penske/Menard | 0 | 16 | 15th |
| 1993 | King Motorsports | 0 | 1 | 32nd |
| 1994 | Arizona Motorsports | 0 | 0 |
2 championships, 4 victories.
| Year | Chassis | Engine | Start | Finish | Reason Out |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1965 | Lola | Ford | 32nd | 9th | |
| 1966 | Lotus | Ford | 32nd | 12th | Crash |
| 1967 | Lola | Ford | 9th | 2nd | |
| 1968 | Lola | Ford | 6th | 26th | Crash |
| 1969 | Lola | Ford | Withdrew | ||
| 1970 | Colt | Ford | 1st | 1st | |
| 1971 | Colt | Ford | 5th | 1st | |
| 1972 | Parnelli | Offy | 19th | 2nd | |
| 1973 | Parnelli | Offy | 8th | 20th | Broken Piston |
| 1974 | Eagle | Offy | 26th | 18th | Dropped Valve |
| 1975 | Eagle | Offy | 11th | 16th | Broken Connecting Rod |
| 1976 | Parnelli | Cosworth | 4th | 7th | |
| 1977 | Parnelli | Cosworth | 3rd | 3rd | |
| 1978 | Lola | Cosworth | 5th | 1st | |
| 1979 | Chaparral | Cosworth | 3rd | 22nd | Blown Transmission |
| 1980 | Longhorn | Cosworth | 9th | 27th | Dropped Cylinder |
| 1981 | Longhorn | Cosworth | 9th | 17th | |
| 1982 | Longhorn | Cosworth | 16th | 5th | |
| 1983 | Penske | Cosworth | 7th | 2nd | |
| 1984 | March | Cosworth | 10th | 3rd | |
| 1985 | March | Cosworth | 7th | 4th | |
| 1986 | Penske | Chevrolet | 5th | 22nd | Handling |
| 1987 | March | Cosworth | 20th | 1st | |
| 1988 | Penske | Chevrolet | 3rd | 3rd | |
| 1989 | Penske | Chevrolet | 2nd | 24th | Clutch Failure |
| 1990 | March | Alfa Romeo | 30th | 13th | |
| 1991 | Did not enter | ||||
| 1992 | Lola | Buick | 22nd | 3rd | |
| 1993 | Lola | Chevrolet | 23rd | 12th | |
| 1994 | Lola | Ford-Cosworth | Retired before Qual. |
4 Wins, 1 Pole
| Year | Att # | Date | Time | Qual Day |
Car # | Laps | Qual Time |
Qual Speed |
Rank | Start | Comment |
| 1967 | 11 | 05-13 | 11 | 1 | 5 | 4 | — | 164.594 | 10 | 9 | |
| 1968 | 14 | 05-18 | 14 | 1 | 24 | 4 | — | 167.069 | 6 | 6 | |
| 1970 | 11 | 05-16 | 11 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 3:31.4900 | 170.221 | 1 | 1 | |
| 1971 | 9 | 05-15 | 9 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 3:26.1600 | 174.622 | 5 | 5 | |
| 1972 | 4 | 05-14 | 14:38 | 1 | 4 | 0 | — | — | — | — | BLOWN ENGINE |
| 1972 | 32 | 05-20 | 11:43 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 3:16.0600 | 183.617 | 13 | 19 | |
| 1973 | 12 | 05-12 | 12:41 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 3:04.7300 | 194.879 | 8 | 8 | |
| 1974 | 33 | 05-18 | 16:56 | 2 | 15 | 4 | 3:15.7700 | 183.889 | 16 | 26 | |
| 1975 | 13 | 05-10 | 12:47 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 3:14.1200 | 185.452 | 13 | 11 | |
| 1976 | 18 | 05-15 | 17:30 | 1 | 21 | 4 | 3:13.2800 | 186.258 | 9 | 4 | |
| 1977 | 4 | 05-14 | 11:29 | 1 | 21 | 4 | 3:03.7200 | 195.950 | 4 | 3 | |
| 1978 | 17 | 05-20 | 13:10 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 3:03.2300 | 196.474 | 7 | 5 | |
| 1979 | 6 | 05-13 | 12:51 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 3:07.0100 | 192.503 | 3 | 3 | |
| 1980 | 11 | 05-10 | 12:19 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 3:13.0900 | 186.442 | 12 | 9 | |
| 1981 | 6 | 05-09 | 16:36 | 1 | 88 | 4 | 3:06.8000 | 192.719 | 14 | 9 | |
| 1982 | 16 | 05-15 | 15:31 | 1 | 10 | 4 | 3:04.0800 | 195.567 | 23 | 16 | |
| 1983 | 8 | 05-21 | 11:44 | 1 | 7 | 4 | 2:58.2580 | 201.954 | 8 | 7 | |
| 1984 | 7 | 05-12 | 12:53 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 2:56.0900 | 204.441 | 10 | 10 | |
| 1985 | 11 | 05-11 | 12:01 | 1 | 11 | 4 | 2:51.0030 | 210.523 | 7 | 7 | |
| 1986 | 33 | 05-10 | 17:53 | 1 | 11 | 4 | 2:49.5750 | 212.295 | 7 | 5 | |
| 1987 | 45 | 05-16 | 12:02 | 3 | 25T | 4 | 2:53.5580 | 207.423 | 15 | 20 | |
| 1988 | 9 | 05-14 | 12:07 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 2:47.2350 | 215.266 | 3 | 3 | |
| 1989 | 1 | 05-14 | 12:00 | 1 | 25 | 4 | 2:41.0950 | 223.471 | 2 | 2 | |
| 1990 | 36 | 05-19 | 12:54 | 2 | 40 | 4 | 2:49.7420 | 212.087 | 31 | 30 | |
| 1992 | 32 | 05-10 | 17:41 | 2 | 27T | 4 | 2:40.8980 | 223.744 | 12 | 22 | |
| 1993 | 12 | 05-15 | 11:55 | 1 | 80 | 3 | — | — | — | — | WAVED OFF |
| 1993 | 33 | 05-16 | 12:10 | 2 | 80 | 4 | 2:45.5530 | 217.453 | 32 | 23 |
| Sporting positions | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by A.J. Foyt |
International Race of Champions Champion IROC V (1978) |
Succeeded by Mario Andretti |
| Preceded by Mario Andretti |
Indianapolis 500 Winner 1970-1971 |
Succeeded by Mark Donohue |
| Preceded by A. J. Foyt |
Indianapolis 500 Winner 1978 |
Succeeded by Rick Mears |
| Preceded by Bobby Rahal |
Indianapolis 500 Winner 1987 |
Succeeded by Rick Mears |
| Preceded by Rick Mears |
CART Series Champion 1983 |
Succeeded by Mario Andretti |
| Preceded by Mario Andretti |
CART Series Champion 1985 |
Succeeded by Bobby Rahal |
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