aldose
American Heritage Dictionary:
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al·dose
(ăl'dōs', -dōz') 
n.
Any of a class of monosaccharide sugars containing an aldehyde group.
n.
Any of a class of monosaccharide sugars containing an aldehyde group.
[ALD(EHYDE) + -OSE1.]
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a monosaccharide in which the (potential) carbonyl group is terminal (i.e. aldehydic). The term is frequently modified to indicate the number of carbon atoms in the chain, as in aldotriose, aldotetrose, etc.
| aldopyranose, aldopentose, aldonic acid | |
| aldosterone, aldosterone synthase, aldotetrose |
Wikipedia on Answers.com:
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Aldose
An aldose is a monosaccharide (a simple sugar) that contains only one aldehyde (-CH=O) group per molecule. The chemical formula takes the form Cn(H2O)n. The simplest possible aldose is the diose glycolaldehyde, which only contains two carbon atoms.[1]
Because they have at least one asymmetric carbon centre, aldoses exhibit stereoisomerism. This means an aldose can exist in either a D form or L form of a Fischer projection. Biological systems tend to recognise D-aldoses more than L-aldoses.
An aldose differs from a ketose in that it has a carbonyl group at the end of the carbon chain instead of in the middle. This allows ketoses and aldoses to be chemically differentiated through Seliwanoff's test.[2] An aldose may isomerize to a ketose through the Lobry-de Bruyn-van Ekenstein transformation.[3]
List of aldoses
- Diose: glycolaldehyde
- Triose: glyceraldehyde
- Tetroses: erythrose, threose
- Pentoses: ribose, arabinose, xylose, lyxose
- Hexoses: allose, altrose, glucose, mannose, gulose, idose, galactose, talose
References
- ^ Berg, J.M. (2006). Biochemistry (6th ed.). New York: W.H. Freeman and Company.
- ^ "Seliwanoff's Test". Harper College. http://www.harpercollege.edu/tm-ps/chm/100/dgodambe/thedisk/carbo/seli/seli.htm. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
- ^ "Lobry de Bruyn-van Ekenstein Transformation". Drug Future. http://www.drugfuture.com/organicnamereactions/ONR237.htm. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
See also
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Mentioned in
Kiliani reaction
(organic chemistry)
de Brun-van Eckstein rearrangement
(organic chemistry)
Lobry de Bruyn-Ekenstein transformation
(organic chemistry)
» More