The single layer of large cells under the bran coat and outside the endosperm of cereal grains. About 3% of the weight of the grain, and rich in protein, as well as containing about 20% of the vitamin B1, 30% of the vitamin B2 and 50% of the niacin of the grain. Botanically the aleurone layer is part of the endosperm, but in milling it remains attached to the inner layer of the bran. See also flour, extraction rate.