The scientific name for aloe vera is actually Aloe vera.

This is for the common succulent that is used widely for medicinal and cosmetic purposes.

Other species of aloe plants exist all over the world, and their taxonomy can be found at

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aloe_vera#Taxonomy_and_etymology

No. Aloe is a genus of plants with about 150 different species, of which Aloe vera, also known as Aloe barbadensis is one. The emolient substance derived from the plant is commonly referred to simply as aloe, but the commercial products made from this substance are usually call "aloe vera".

In any case Aloe vera and Aloe barbadensis are the two taxonomical names for this plant, but Aloe Vera is the only one used as a common name.