Thermite is a pyrotechnic composition of a metal powder and a metal oxide, which produces an aluminothermic reaction known as a thermite reaction. It is not explosive, but can create short bursts of extremely high temperatures focused on a very small area for a short period of time.

The thermite reaction usually has two reactants: a metal oxide Iron III oxide (Fe2O3, rust) or CuO and a powdered metal which must be a more reactive metal than the one in the oxide, often aluminum is chosen.

Both reactants are in powdered form. The reaction needs to be started by heating.

The reaction equation for the aluminothermic reaction of iron(III) oxide is:

Fe2O3 + 2Al --> Al2O3 + 2Fe

The products are aluminum oxide (corundum) and molten iron.

Calcium is a very reactive metal and is always found in a reacted state in compounds where it is ionic, present as the Ca2+ ion. The best known mineral is limestone, calcium carbonate. Calcium metal is not produced commercially in great quantities, one method of production is to react calcium oxide with aluminium at high temperature,

, a so-called aluminothermic reaction similar to the thermite reaction where aluminium is the reducing agent.

Synthesis: A synthesis reaction is when two or more simple compounds combine to form a more complicated one. These reactions come in the general form of: A + B ---> AB One example of a synthesis reaction is the combination of iron and sulfur to form iron (II) sulfide: 8 Fe + S8 ---> 8 FeSThis is a single-replacement reaction. Example: Zn + Cu(NO3)2 ---> Cu + Zn(NO3)2 One caveat: the question says "new element" ... if this is what you really mean, only nuclear reactions can result in a change in the elements involved.
Single displacement

Normal reaction happens when the reaction is normal. Abnormal reaction happens when the reaction is abnormal.