Amino sugar
McGraw-Hill Science & Technology Dictionary:
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amino sugar
(ə¦mē·nō ¦shu̇g·ər)
(biochemistry) A monosaccharide in which a non-glycosidic hydroxyl group is replaced by an amino or substituted amino group; an example is
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Amino sugar
McGraw-Hill Science & Technology Encyclopedia:
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Amino sugar
A sugar in which one or more nonglycosidic hydroxyl groups is replaced by an amino or substituted amino group. The most abundant example is D-glucosamine (2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose) [see illustration].
Structural formula of D-glucosamine (α-pyranose ring form).
A linear polymer of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine is widely distributed as chitin, the exoskeletal material of arthropods. The glycoproteins of higher animals, which are components of the proteoglycans of cartilage and skin, consist of polysaccharides that are generally sulfated and have N-acetylated glucosamine or galactosamine alternating with a uronic acid.
Amino sugars are important constituents of glycoproteins and oligosaccharides involved in biological recognition. Amino sugars of the greatest structural diversity are found in microorganisms as constituents of cell walls, in antigenic carbohydrates produced at the cell surface, and as antibiotic substances secreted from the cell. Streptomycin is the first demonstrated example of numerous amino-sugar-containing antibiotics produced notably by Actinomycetes (bacteria). See also Chitin; Glycoprotein; Oligosaccharide; Polysaccharide.
Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry:
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aminodeoxysugar
or amino sugar or amino-saccharide or amino-monosaccharide
any monosaccharide or monosaccharide derivative in which an alcoholic hydroxyl group has been replaced by an amino group.
any monosaccharide or monosaccharide derivative in which an alcoholic hydroxyl group has been replaced by an amino group.
| aminoadipic pathway, aminoacyltransferase, aminoacylase | |
| aminoethoxyvinylglycine, aminoethyl, aminoethylbenzenesulfonyl fluoride |
Wikipedia on Answers.com:
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Amino sugar
In chemistry, an amino sugar contains an amine group in place of a hydroxyl group.[1] Derivatives of amine containing sugars, such as N-acetylglucosamine and sialic acid, while not formally containing an amine, are also considered amino sugars.
Aminoglycosides are a class of antimicrobial compounds that inhibit bacterial protein synthesis. These compounds are conjugates of amino sugars and aminocyclitols.
Common examples of amino sugars include:
References
- ^ Amino sugar, Encyclopedia of Science & Technology Online
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McGraw-Hill Science & Technology Dictionary
McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms. Copyright © 2003, 1994, 1989, 1984, 1978, 1976, 1974 by McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
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McGraw-Hill Science & Technology Encyclopedia
McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology. Copyright © 2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry
Oxford University Press. Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology © 1997, 2000, 2006 All rights reserved.
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