anastomosis
American Heritage Dictionary:
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a·nas·to·mo·sis
(ə-năs'tə-mō'sĭs) 
n., pl., -ses (-sēz).
n., pl., -ses (-sēz).
- The connection of separate parts of a branching system to form a network, as of leaf veins, blood vessels, or a river and its branches.
- Medicine. The surgical connection of separate or severed tubular hollow organs to form a continuous channel, as between two parts of the intestine.
[Late Latin anastomōsis, from Greek, outlet, from anastomoun, to furnish with a mouth : ana-, ana- + stoma, mouth.]
anastomotic a·nas'to·mot'ic (-mŏt'ĭk) adj.Oxford Dictionary of Geography:
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anastomosis
The division of a river into a stable multi-channel system with levées and backswamps, developed under aggrading conditions, and with large, stable islands between the channels. An anastomosing channel differs from an anabranching channel in that these fugitive channels have distributaries of their own. See also drainage patterns. For anastomotic drainage, See drainage patterns.
Oxford Dictionary of Sports Science & Medicine:
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anastomosis
p1. anastomoses
1. A union or joining together of blood vessels or other tubular structures. Anastomosis usually refers to the direct connection between arteries, veins, venules, and arterioles without any intervening capillaries. If an anastomosis is present when an artery is blocked with a blood clot, the anastomosis forms a collateral circulation enabling other arteries to take over the blocked artery's work. If no anastomosis is present. the tissue beyond the clot is likely to die. Endurance training may increase anastomoses of coronary arteries, reducing the effects of a coronary thrombosis.
2. A surgical union of two tubular structures, usually by sutures or staples.
Saunders Veterinary Dictionary:
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anastomosis
1. communication between two tubular organs.
2. surgical, traumatic or pathological formation of a connection between two normally distinct structures.
- arteriovenous a. — anastomosis between an artery and a vein.
- cobra-head a. — a technique used in joining grafts to blood vessels. Ends of grafts are trimmed to form an enlarged lumen.
- esophageal a. — uniting the free ends after complete resection of a part of the esophagus.
- heterocladic a. — one between branches of different arteries.
- intercarotid a. — a naturally occurring communication between the internal and external carotid arteries in birds. It provides a collateral pathway for blood to the brain, the counterpart of the cerebral arterial circle of Willis in mammals.
- intestinal a. — establishment of a communication between two formerly distinct portions of the intestine.
- skin arteriovenous a. — frequent natural occurrence; capable of diverting large volumes of blood to splanchnic circulation during cardiovascular stress.
- tracheal a. — end-to-end anastomosis of the trachea after resection of a part.
- ureterocolonic a. — see ureterocolostomy.
Mosby's Dental Dictionary:
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anastomosis
n
The joining together of two blood vessels or other tubular structures to furnish a direct or indirect communication between the two structures.
Wikipedia on Answers.com:
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Anastomosis
An anastomosis (plural anastomoses, from gr. ἀναστόμωσις, communicating opening) is the reconnection of two streams that previously branched out, such as blood vessels or leaf veins. The term is used in medicine, biology, mycology, geology and architecture.
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Medicine
Anastomosis is the connection of two structures.[1] It refers to connections between blood vessels or between other tubular structures such as loops of intestine. In circulatory anastomoses, many arteries naturally anastomose with each other, for example the inferior epigastric artery and superior epigastric artery.The circulatory anastomosis is further divided into arterial and venous anastomosis. Arterial anastomosis includes actual arterial anastomosis (e.g. palmar arch, plantar arch) and potential arterial anastomosis (e.g. coronary arteries and cortical branch of cerebral arteries). An example of surgical anastomosis occurs when a segment of intestine is resected and the two remaining ends are sewn or stapled together (anastomosed), for example Roux-en-Y anastomosis. The procedure is referred to as intestinal anastomosis.
Pathological anastomosis results from trauma or disease and may involve veins, arteries, or intestines. These are usually referred to as fistulas. In the cases of veins or arteries, traumatic fistulas usually occur between artery and vein. Traumatic intestinal fistulas usually occur between two loops of intestine (entero-enteric fistula) or intestine and skin (enterocutaneous fistula). Portacaval anastomosis, by contrast, is an anastomosis between a vein of the portal circulation and a vein of the systemic circulation, which allows blood to bypass the liver in patients with portal hypertension, often resulting in hemorrhoids, esophageal varices, or caput medusae.
Biology
Evolution
In evolution, anastomosis is a recombination of evolutionary lineage. Conventional accounts of evolutionary lineage present themselves as the simple branching out of species into novel forms. Under anastomosis, species might recombine after initial branching out, such as in the case of recent research which shows that ancestral populations along human and chimpanzee lineages may have interbred after an initial branching event.[2] The concept of anastomosis also applies to the theory of symbiogenesis, in which new species emerge from the formation of novel symbiotic relationships.
Mycology
In mycology, anastomosis is the fusion between branches of the same or different hyphae.[3] Hence the bifurcating fungal hyphae can form true reticulating networks. By sharing materials in the form of dissolved ions, hormones, and nucleotides, the fungus maintains bidirectional communication with itself. The fungal network might begin from several origins; several spores (i.e. by means of conidial anastomosis tubes), several points of penetration, each a spreading circumference of absorption and assimilation. Once encountering the tip of another expanding, exploring self, the tips press against each other in pheromonal recognition or by an unknown recognition system, fusing to form a genetic singular that can cover hectares called a genet or just microscopical areas.[4]
For fungi, anastomosis is also a component of sex. In some fungi, two different haploid mating types — if compatible — merge. Somatically, they form a morphologically similar mycelial wave front that continues to grow and explore. The significant difference, is that in each septated unit is binucleate, containing two unfused nuclei, i.e. one from each parent that will eventually undergo karyogamy and meiosis to complete the sexual cycle.
Geology
In geology, anastomosis refers to quartz (or other) veins displaying this property, which is often related to shearing in metamorphic regions.
Anastomosing streams are a type of organic-rich anabranching river that consist of multiple channels that divide and reconnect and are separated by such cohesive material that they would likely not be able to migrate from one channel position to another. Rivers with anastomosed reaches include the Magdalena River in Colombia,[5] the upper Columbia River in British Columbia, Canada,[6] and the upper Narew River in Poland.[7]
Architecture
The healing process of urban structure by activating small, but important connections - anastomosis. In architecture first used by school design studio of Petr Hajek and Jaroslav Hulin at the Faculty of architecture at Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech republic. The term anastomosis was used to name the process of city regeneration by creating tissue connections that will activate and bring fresh life-giving blood to the various parts of the city. These connections are called anastomosis.
The project called [anastomosis] was created because today's Central European city, in terms of its evolution, is frozen in time. Its urban structure is rigidly defined and therefore respond more painfully to new challenges and demands.
In DOX Centre for contemporary art in Prague from February 1 to March 26 2012 takes place exhibition called [anastomosis] the connected city. This exhibition presents 65 architectural student designs for regenerating the urban structure.
References
- ^ Gylys, Barbara A. and Mary Ellen Wedding (2005), Medical Terminology Systems, F.A. Davis Company
- ^ Patterson, Nick; et al. (May 2006). "Genetic evidence for complex speciation of humans and chimpanzees". Nature 441 (7097): 1103–1108. doi:10.1038/nature04789. PMID 16710306. http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v441/n7097/abs/nature04789.html. Retrieved 2006-09-18.
- ^ Kendrick, Bryce (2001), The Fifth Kingdom, Mycologue Publications
- ^ Glass, L.; Rasmussen, C.; Roca, M.G.; Read, N. (2004). Hyphal homing, fusion and mycelial interconnectedness. TRENDS in Microbiology 12: 135–141.
- ^ Smith, D (1986). "Anastomosing river deposits, sedimentation rates and basin subsidence, Magdalena River, northwestern Colombia, South America". Sedimentary Geology 46 (3–4): 177. doi:10.1016/0037-0738(86)90058-8.
- ^ Abbado, D., Slingerland, R.L., and Smith, N.D., 2005, The origin of anastomosis in the upper Columbia River, British Columbia, Canada: In Blum, M.D., Marriott, S., and Leclair. S. (eds.), Fluvial Sedimentology VII, Internat. Assoc. Sedim. Special Publ. 35.
- ^ Gradzinski, R (2003). "Vegetation-controlled modern anastomosing system of the upper Narew River (NE Poland) and its sediments". Sedimentary Geology 157 (3–4): 253. doi:10.1016/S0037-0738(02)00236-1.
External links
- Official web page [anastomosis] the connected city
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American Heritage Dictionary
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2009. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
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Oxford Dictionary of Geography
A Dictionary of Geography. Copyright © Susan Mayhew 1992, 1997, 2004. All rights reserved.
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Oxford Dictionary of Sports Science & Medicine
The Oxford Dictionary of Sports Science & Medicine. Copyright © Michael Kent 1998, 2006, 2007. All rights reserved.
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Saunders Veterinary Dictionary
Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary 3rd Edition. Copyright © 2007 by D.C. Blood, V.P. Studdert and C.C. Gay, Elsevier. All rights reserved.
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Mosby's Dental Dictionary
Mosby's Dental Dictionary. Copyright © 2004 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
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