anisakis

Raw fish can be carriers of anisakis simplex. This is a parasitic roundworm that can over take the gastrointestinal tract of a human making them very ill.

Fish should be frozen to -31 degrees F for 15 hours or -4 degrees for 7 days. This will kill the parasite.

Organisms such as mold or bacteria growing in it.

and

If conditions permit or cross contamination occurs food may be fertile ground for the growth of:

Bacteria Like: Salmonella spp., Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli, Campylobacter jejuni, Yersinia enterocolitica, Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus cereus, Staphlococcus aureus, Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium perfringens, Vibrio vulnificus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Viruses like hepatitis A virus, Norwalk viruses, Rotavirus

Parasites like Toxoplasma gondii, Cryptosporidia, Giardia spp., Trichinella spiralis, Taenia solium, Anisakis spp.

A toxin-mediated infection is a type of food-borne illness that involves the ingestion of food contaminated with living, pathogenic bacteria. The bacteria proliferate inside the stomach and intestine, producing and releasing toxins as they grow. These toxins are responsible for the symptoms of the illness, which can include stomach cramps, vomiting, and diarrhea. Examples of bacteria that cause toxin-mediated infections are Clostridium perfringens and Escherichia coli 0157:H7.

This is to be distinguished from food intoxication, in which harmful bacteria multiply and produce toxins in or on a food product. The toxin is then ingested along with the food, resulting in illness. Staphylococcus aureus is a type of bacterium that causes food intoxication.