In 4th century Christianity, the Anomœans, also known as Anomeans, Heterousians, Aetians, or Eunomians, were a sect of Arians who asserted that Jesus of Nazareth (the Son) was of a different nature and in no way like to that of God (the Father). They believed that the opinions of Arius, as he originally expressed them, were correct, but rejected his later confessions, which he adopted in order to be readmitted into the Church.
The word Anomœan comes from Greek ἀ(ν)- 'not' and ὅμοιος 'similar', i.e., "different; dissimilar". In the 4th century, during the reign of Constantius II, this was the name by which the followers of Aëtius and Eunomius were distinguished as a theological party; they not only denied the consubstantiality of Jesus but even asserted that he was of a nature different from that of God. This was in contradistinction to the semi-Arians, who indeed denied the consubstantiality of Jesus, but believed at the same time that he was like the Father.
The semi-Arians condemned the Anomœans in the Council of Seleucia, and the Anomœans condemned the semi-Arians in their turn, in the Councils of
In the 5th century, the Anomœan presbyter Philostorgius wrote an Anomœan Church history.[1]
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Notable Anomoeans
- Aëtius, who founded the Anomoean tradition, later bishop (361-?).[2][3]
- Theodulus, bishop of Chaeretapa (?-c. 363) and Palestine (c. 363-c. 379).[4][5]
- Eunomius, bishop of Cyzicus (360-361) and exiled bishop (361-c. 393).[3][6]
- Paemenius, bishop of Constantinople, (c. 363, at the same time as Eudoxius of Antioch).[7]
- Candidus, bishop of Lydia, (c. 363-?).[7]
- Arrianus, bishop of Ionia, (c. 363-?).[7]
- Florentius, bishop of Constantinople, (c. 363-?, at the same time as Eudoxius of Antioch).[7]
- Thallus, bishop of
Lesbos , (c. 363-?, at the same time as Eudoxius of Antioch).[7] - Euphronius, bishop of Galatia, the Black Sea and Cappadocia, (c. 363-?).[7]
- Julian, bishop of Cilicia, (c. 363-?).[7]
- Serras, Stephen, and Heliodorus, bishops of Egypt, (c. 363-?).[7]
- Philostorgius, historian.
Notable opponents of Anomoeanism
- Basil of Caesarea, bishop of Caesarea, and author of Against Eunomius.
See also
- Archbishop Nectarius of Constantinople
- Homoeans, in contrast to the Anomoeans
- Arianism/Arian Catholicism
- Arian controversy
References
- ^ Philostorgius, Church History.
- ^ Philostorgius, in Photius, Epitome of the Ecclesiastical History of Philostorgius, book 7, chapter 6.
- ^ a b Socrates Scholasticus, Church History, book 2, chapter 35.
- ^ Philostorgius, in Photius, Epitome of the Ecclesiastical History of Philostorgius, book 8, chapter 2 and book 9, chapter 18.
- ^ Socrates Scholasticus, Church History, book 2, chapter 40.
- ^ Philostorgius, in Photius, Epitome of the Ecclesiastical History of Philostorgius, book 5, chapter 3 and book 6, chapters 1-3.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Philostorgius, in Photius, Epitome of the Ecclesiastical History of Philostorgius, book 8, chapter 2.
- First edition Encyclopædia Britannica [issued 1768-1771]
- This article incorporates content from the 1728 Cyclopaedia, a publication in the public domain.
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