Antiparasitic: Information from Answers.com

Antiparasitics are a class of medications which are indicated for the treatment of parasitic diseases such as nematodes, cestodes, trematodes, infectious protozoa, and amoebas.

1 Antinematodes
2 Anticestodes
3 Antitrematodes
4 Antiamoebics
5 Antiprotozoals
6 See also

Antinematodes

Ancylostoma caninum, a type of hookworm, attached to the intestinal mucosa.

Mebendazole (for most nematode infections)
Pyrantel pamoate (for most nematode infections)
Thiabendazole (for roundworm infections)
Diethylcarbamazine (for treatment of Lymphatic filariasis)
Ivermectin (for prevention of river blindness)

Anticestodes

Niclosamide (for tapeworm infections)
Praziquantel (for tapeworm infections)
Albendazole (broad spectrum)

Antitrematodes

Praziquantel

Antiamoebics

Antiprotozoals

Melarsoprol (for treatment of sleeping sickness caused by Trypanosoma brucei)
Eflornithine (for sleeping sickness)
Metronidazole (for vaginitis caused by Trichomonas)
Tinidazole (for intestinal infections caused by Giardia)

v • d • e Pharmacology: Major drug groups

Gastrointestinal tract/metabolism (A)	stomach acid (Antacids, H₂ antagonists, Proton pump inhibitors) • Antiemetics • Laxatives • Antidiarrhoeals/Antipropulsives • Anti-obesity drugs • Anti-diabetics • Vitamins • Dietary minerals

Blood and blood forming organs (B)	Antithrombotics (Antiplatelets, Anticoagulants, Thrombolytics/fibrinolytics) • Antihemorrhagics (Platelets, Coagulants, Antifibrinolytics)

Cardiovascular system (C)	cardiac therapy/antianginals (Cardiac glycosides, Antiarrhythmics, Cardiac stimulants) Antihypertensives • Diuretics • Vasodilators • Beta blockers • Calcium channel blockers • renin-angiotensin system (ACE inhibitors, Angiotensin II receptor antagonists, Renin inhibitors) Antihyperlipidemics (Statins, Fibrates, Bile acid sequestrants)

Skin (D)	Emollients • Cicatrizants • Antipruritics • Antipsoriatics • Medicated dressings

Reproductive system (G)	Hormonal contraception • Fertility agents • SERMs • Sex hormones

Endocrine system (H)	Hypothalamic-pituitary hormones • Corticosteroids (Glucocorticoids, Mineralocorticoids) • Sex hormones • Thyroid hormones/Antithyroid agents

Infections and infestations (J, P, QI)	Antibiotics (Antimycobacterials) • Antifungals • Antivirals • Antiparasitics (Antiprotozoals, Anthelmintics) • Ectoparasiticides • Intravenous immunoglobulin • Vaccines

Malignant disease (L01-L02)	Anticancer agents (Antimetabolites, Alkylating, Spindle poisons, Antineoplastic, Topoisomerase inhibitors)

Immune disease (L03-L04)	Immunomodulators (Immunostimulants, Immunosuppressants)

Muscles, bones, and joints (M)	Anabolic steroids • Anti-inflammatories (NSAIDs) • Antirheumatics • Corticosteroids • Muscle relaxants • Bisphosphonates

Brain and nervous system (N)	Anesthetics (General, Local) • Analgesics • Antimigraines • Anticonvulsants/Mood stabilizers (Lithium pharmacology) • Antiparkinson drugs Psycholeptics (Anxiolytics, Antipsychotics, Hypnotics/Sedatives) • Psychoanaleptics (Antidepressants, Stimulants)

Respiratory system (R)	Decongestants • Bronchodilators • Cough medicines • H₁ antagonists

Sensory organs (S)	Ophthalmologicals • Otologicals

Other ATC (V)	Antidotes • Contrast media • Radiopharmaceuticals • Dressings

Antiparasitics – antiprotozoal agents – Excavata antiparasitics (P01)

Discicristata

Trypanosomiasis	African trypanosomiasis: ornithine (Eflornithine^#) · arsenical (Melarsoprol^#) · benzamidine (Pentamidine^#) · naphthalenesulfonate (Suramin^#) Chagas disease: nitroimidazole (Benznidazole^#) · nitrofuran (Nifurtimox^#)

Leishmaniasis	macrolide (Amphotericin B^#) Pentavalent antimonials (Meglumine antimoniate^#, Sodium stibogluconate) benzamidine (Pentamidine^#) · phosphorylcholine (Miltefosine) · neomycin (Paromomycin)

PAM	macrolide (Amphotericin B)

Trichozoa

Giardiasis	nitroimidazole (Metronidazole^#, Tinidazole) · benzimidazole (Albendazole) thiazole (Nitazoxanide) · nitrofuran (Furazolidone) aminoacridine (Quinacrine)

Trichomoniasis	nitroimidazole (Metronidazole^#, Tinidazole)

Dientamoebiasis	nitroimidazole (Metronidazole, Secnidazole) oxyquinoline (Iodoquinol) · tetracycline (Doxycycline) · neomycin (Paromomycin)

^#WHO-EM. ^‡Withdrawn from market. CLINICAL TRIALS: ^†Phase III. ^§Never to phase III
see also diseases

Antiparasitics – antiprotozoal agents – Chromalveolate antiparasitics (P01)

Alveolate

Apicomplexa

Conoidasida/
(Coccidiostats)

Cryptosporidiosis	thiazole (Nitazoxanide)

Isosporiasis	Co-trimoxazole^#

Toxoplasmosis	Pyrimethamine • Sulfadiazine

Aconoidasida

Malaria

Hemozoin
inhibitors

Qs: Amino-	4-Aminoquinoline (Amodiaquine^#, Chloroquine^#, Hydroxychloroquine) • 8-Aminoquinoline (Primaquine^#, Pamaquine)

Qs: Methanol-	Mefloquine^# • Quinine^# • Quinidine

Other	phenanthrene methanol (Halofantrine) • amyl alcohol (Lumefantrine^#)

Antifolates

DRIs	2,4-Diaminopyrimidines (Pyrimethamine^#) • biguanides (Proguanil^#, Cycloguanil, Chlorproguanil)

DSIs	Sulfadoxine^# Sulfamethoxypyrazine

Sesquiterpene lactones

Artemisinin (Artemether^#, Artesunate^#, Artenimol, Arteether/Artemotil, Dihydroartemisinin)

Other

aminoacridine (Quinacrine) • ubiquinone analogue (Atovaquone) • tetracycline (Doxycycline^#)

Fixed-dose ACTs

Coartem • Artequin / ASMQ • ASAQ / Arsucam • Duo-Cotecxin (Artekin) • Ariplus • Co-Arinate • CDA

Other fixed-dose
combination therapies

Fansidar • Fansimef • Malarone • Lapdap

Babesiosis

Clindamycin

Ciliophora

Balantidiasis: Tetracycline

Heterokont

Blastocystosis: Metronidazole

^#WHO-EM. ^‡Withdrawn from market. CLINICAL TRIALS: ^†Phase III. ^§Never to phase III
see also diseases

Antiparasitics – antiprotozoal agents – agents against amoebozoa/amebicide (P01)

Entamoeba

Tissue amebicides

Nitroimidazole derivatives	Metronidazole^# · Tinidazole · Ornidazole · Nimorazole · Secnidazole · Azanidazole · Propenidazole

Other	isoquinoline (Emetine/Dehydroemetine)

Luminal amebicides

Hydroxyquinoline derivatives	Cl (Chlorquinaldol) · Br (Tilbroquinol, Broxyquinoline) · I (Diiodohydroxyquinoline) · I,Cl (Clioquinol) related: Chiniofon

Dichloroacetamide derivatives	Diloxanide^# · Clefamide · Etofamide · Teclozan

Aminoglycoside	Paromomycin

Other/ungrouped

arsenic (Arsthinol, Difetarsone, Glycobiarsol) · phenanthroline (Phanquinone) · aminoacridine (Mepacrine) · quinazoline (Trimetrexate) · thiazole (Tenonitrozole) · sesquiterpene (Fumagillin)

Acanthamoeba

Propamidine · Chlorhexidine

^#WHO-EM. ^‡Withdrawn from market. CLINICAL TRIALS: ^†Phase III. ^§Never to phase III
see also diseases

Antiparasitics – Anthelmintics (P02)

Antiplatyhelmintic agents

Antitrematodals
(schistosomicides)

Binds tubulin	benzimidazole (Triclabendazole^#)

AI	phosphonic acid (Metrifonate)

Other/unknown	quinoline (Praziquantel^#, Oxamniquine^#) · phenol (Bithionol) · thiazole (Niridazole) · arylsulfonate (Stibophen)

Anticestodals
(taeniacides)

Binds tubulin	benzimidazole (Albendazole^#)

Other/unknown	salicylanilide (Niclosamide)^# · aminoacridine (Quinacrine) · butyrophenone (Desaspidin) · chlorophenol (Dichlorophen)

Antinematodal agents
(macrofilaricides)

Binds tubulin	benzimidazole (Mebendazole^#, Thiabendazole, Albendazole^#, Fenbendazole, Ciclobendazole, Flubendazole)

Chloride channel	macrolide (Ivermectin^#)

NMDA	tetrahydropyrimidine (Pyrantel^#, Pyrantel pamoate, Oxantel)

Other/unknown	piperazine (Piperazine · Diethylcarbamazine^#) · thiazole (Levamisole^#) · quinolinium (Pyrvinium) · benzylammonium (Bephenium) · naphthalenesulfonate (Suramin^#) · Tribendimidine

^#WHO-EM. ^‡Withdrawn from market. CLINICAL TRIALS: ^†Phase III. ^§Never to phase III
see also diseases

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Antiparasitic

Contents

Antinematodes

Anticestodes

Antitrematodes

Antiamoebics

Antiprotozoals

See also