arduous

adj.

1. Demanding great effort or labor; difficult: "the arduous work of preparing a Dictionary of the English Language" (Thomas Macaulay).
2. Testing severely the powers of endurance; strenuous: a long, arduous, and exhausting war.
3. Hard to traverse, climb, or surmount. See synonyms at burdensome, hard.

[From Latin arduus, high, steep.]

arduously ar'du·ous·ly adv.
arduousness ar'du·ous·ness n.

adjective

1. Not easy to do, achieve, or master: difficult, hard, laborious, serious, tall, tough, uphill. See easy/hard.
2. Requiring great or extreme bodily, mental, or spiritual strength: backbreaking, burdensome, demanding, difficult, effortful, exacting, exigent, formidable, hard, heavy, laborious, onerous, oppressive, rigorous, rough, severe, taxing, tough, trying, weighty. See heavy/light.

adj

Definition: difficult, hard to endure
Antonyms: easy, facile, motivating

---

IN BRIEF: Very difficult; hard.

Clearing the pasture was arduous work.

Dansk (Danish)
adj. - anstrengende, besværlig, krævende, slidsom

Nederlands (Dutch)
moeizaam, energiek

Français (French)
adj. - ardu, difficile, laborieux, raide (un chemin), escarpé

Deutsch (German)
adj. - beschwerlich

Ελληνική (Greek)
adj. - επίπονος, κοπιώδης, τραχύς

Italiano (Italian)
arduo

Português (Portuguese)
adj. - árduo, laborioso, penoso

Русский (Russian)
трудный, напряженный, энергичный

Español (Spanish)
adj. - difícil, arduo

Svenska (Swedish)
adj. - mödosam, ansträngande, brant

中文（简体）(Chinese (Simplified))
艰巨的, 困难的, 费力的, 努力的

中文（繁體）(Chinese (Traditional))
adj. - 艱巨的, 困難的, 費力的, 努力的

한국어 (Korean)
adj. - 험난한, 끈기 있는

日本語 (Japanese)
adj. - 困難な, 骨の折れる, 刻苦精励の, 根気強い

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(صفه) شاق, جهيد, شديد الإنحدار‏

עברית (Hebrew)
adj. - ‮קשה, מפרך‬

If you are unable to view some languages clearly, click here.

To select your translation preferences click here.