Arqiva
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Arqiva
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| Type | Private |
|---|---|
| Industry | Telecommunications |
| Founded | 2005 |
| Headquarters | Winchester, England, United Kingdom |
| Services | Transmissions |
| Website | www.arqiva.com |
Arqiva (
/ɑrˈkiːvə/) is a telecommunications company which provides infrastructure and broadcast transmission facilities in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland. The present company, with headquarters located at Crawley Court in the village of Crawley, Hampshire, was formed by National Grid Wireless combining with Arqiva in September 2008. Its main customers are broadcasters and mobile phone network operators, and its main asset is a network of over 1,000 radio and television transmission sites. It is owned by a consortium of investors led by CPP (Canadian Pension Plan) and the Australian investment house Macquarie Bank.[1] Arqiva is a patron of The Radio Academy.[2]
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Contents
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History
The company, as it stands in 2011, has a history that dates back to the beginning of regular public broadcasting in the United Kingdom, in 1922. Below is a potted history of the various organisations that are now part of Arqiva.
British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC)
Responsibility for the transmitter assets of the BBC lay solely within the corporation until 1997. The assets were then split into a separate company, prior to being sold.
The Domestic transmitter network was purchased by a US company, Crown Castle, when it was privatised in 1997. Subsequently, in 2004, this was purchased by National Grid plc, which merged in its own private communication network, the name changing to National Grid Wireless in October 2005. Transmitters used by the BBC Overseas services were sold to a new startup company, called Merlin Communications
National Grid
National Grid plc had a large internal network for the communication of its engineers serving initially the electric companies, but subsequently, the gas industry as well. This company developed on the back of the growth in mobile phones, and its large portfolio of tower locations. This was added to by the purchase of the former BBC network (as above)
National Grid Wireless, as it became, led a consortium bidding for the second UK national DAB multiplex licence, but was unsuccessful. The licence was awarded instead to 4 Digital Group in July 2007.[3]
Independent Television Authority (ITA) / Independent Broadcasting Authority (IBA)
The Television Act 1954 gave birth to the Independent Television Authority (ITA). The ITA appointed and regulated a number of regional programme contractors, and built and operated a network of transmitters.
The Sound Broadcasting Act 1972 created legal commercial radio in the UK for the first time. It was modelled on ITV, in that programmes were made by local contractors while the regulator, renamed the Independent Broadcasting Authority, owned and operated the transmitters.
ITC, RA and Transcom
The Broadcasting Act 1990 split the IBA into three bodies. The Independent Television Commission (ITC) regulated commercial TV and the Radio Authority (RA) regulated commercial radio. The IBA's engineering division, which operated the transmitters as well as doing research and development, became an independent company called National Transcommunications Limited, also known as "Transcom". At this point, technical standards regulation, previously carried out in accordance with the IBA engineering "Code of Practice", seems to have disappeared from the regulatory landscape.
CableTel, Simoco and NTL
Transcom was acquired by International CableTel Inc., which subsequently built its brand around the NTL name. It ran up huge debts during the dot-com boom which crippled the company for many years. In 1998, NTL acquired the UK branch of Simoco, a private mobile radio (PMR) company formed from Phillips PMR. In 2004, NTL sold its 'broadcast unit' to Macquarie Communications Infrastructure Group, but continued as a cable operator.
Macquarie
In January 2005, Macquarie Communications Infrastructure Group renamed its new subsidiary Arqiva. Subsequently in July 2009, Macquarie sold off a substantial part of its holding and moved the remaining amount to its investment fund. Canada Pension Plan Investment Board (CPPIB) now have a 48% holding and Macquarie European Infrastructure Fund 2 (MEIF 2) has 21%, with other Macquarie Group funds holding 13% [4]
Inmedia
Arqiva acquired Inmedia Communications from the Carlyle Group for £68.5 million in July 2005 to form the new Satellite Media Solutions business unit. Inmedia was owned by Kingston Communications and known as Kingston inmedia before being bought by the Carlyle Group in 2004.
BT Broadcast
Arqiva announced the signing of a Sale & Purchase Agreement (SPA) with BT to acquire the full-time service components of BT’s Satellite Broadcast Services business for £25 million in cash in November 2006. The deal will include long-term customer contracts, operations and personnel located in the USA, France, Italy and the Netherlands, as well as the UK. Deal completion is subject to regulatory approval in the UK and Germany.
National Grid Wireless
Arqiva purchased National Grid Wireless on 3 April 2007 for £2.5billion.[5] The company planned to run NGW as a separate company – Macquarie UK Broadcast Ventures Ltd – pending review of the deal by competition regulators. Regulatory agreement was reached in late 2008 and National Grid Wireless was almagamated into Arqiva. The new company employs around 2300 people and operates all the TV (analogue and Digital) and most of the radio stations (BBC national and local and many commercial stations). It is deemed to be a monopoly operator and as such is regulated by OFCOM.[6]
Recent Activity
OneVision DTT Licence application
Main article: One Vision (DTT)
During 2009, Arqiva were involved in the possibility of provision of digital pay TV in the Republic of Ireland.[7]
SeeSaw
Main article: SeeSaw (Internet television)
In March 2010, Arqiva invested in and launched a catch-up Internet television, IPTV service called SeeSaw.[8] Subsequently the holding in the company was reduced to 25%.
Notable transmitter sites
See also
- Digital One (A joint venture with GCap Media providing UK DAB - wholly owned by Arqiva since 11 February 2008)
- RTÉ Network Limited in the Republic of Ireland
- Freeview
- VT Communications (Formerly Merlin Communications, formed from privatisation of BBC World Service transmitter sites.)
References
- ^ "Corporate Structure". http://www.arqiva.com/corporate/structure/. Retrieved 2009-04-23.
- ^ The Radio Academy "Patrons"
- ^ Dowell, Ben (6 July 2007). "Channel 4 wins radio multiplex bid - MediaGuardian.co.uk". The Guardian (London). http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2007/jul/06/channel4.radio. Retrieved 2008-01-08.
- ^ Corporate Structure
- ^ "Arqiva and National Grid Wireless to create unfied UK communications infrastructure - Arqiva.com". http://www.arqiva.com/press-office/press-releases/press-releases-2007/arqiva-and-national-grid-wireless-combine-to-create-unified-uk-c. Retrieved 2007-04-04.
- ^ [1] Reuters news report (retrieved April 3rd 2007)
- ^ "OneVision wants DTT licence". The Irish Times. 1 May 2009. http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/finance/2009/0501/1224245754008.html. Retrieved 3 August 2009.
- ^ Internet TV service SeeSaw launches beta trial
- Pawley, Edward (1972). BBC Engineering 1922–1972. London, BBC. ISBN 0-563-12127-0
- Shacklady, Norman and Ellen, Martin (2003). On Air: A History of BBC Transmission. Wavechange Books. ISBN 0-9544077-1-7 (paperback) ISBN 0-9544077-0-9 (hardback).
External links
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