Aspern
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Aspern, a village in Lower Austria which since 1905 has been included in Vienna. It is on the left bank of the Danube, c.5 miles from the city centre. Between Aspern and Eßling took place on 21-2 May 1809 the battle of Aspern in which the Austrians under the Archduke Charles (see Karl, Erzherzog) defeated the French under Napoleon. Both sides suffered exceptionally heavy losses. This was Napoleon's first defeat; its effect was quickly annulled by his victory on 5-6 July 1809 at Deutsch-Wagram (see Napoleonic Wars).
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Aspern is part of Donaustadt, the 22nd district of Vienna.
In 1904, the formerly independent village was incorporated into Vienna as part of the 21st district, Floridsdorf. Only in 1946 did it become part of the newly created 22nd district, Donaustadt. The area is known because of the Battle of Aspern-Essling, which was fought in the nearby Lobau on May 21 and May 22, 1809. In that battle, the Austrian army led by Archduke Charles repelled an advance by Napoleon, the closest the French Emperor had come to being defeated since his rise to power. A stone lion in front of St. Martin's Church was erected in 1858 to commemorate the battle.
In 1912, the Aspern Airfield was inaugurated. It remained the center of Austrian civil and military aviation until World War II. After the war, it was used by Soviet occupation forces. Replaced by Vienna International Airport near Schwechat in 1954, it was closed in 1977. In 1982 an engine and drive train plant for Opel was constructed on part of the former airfield. In 2004 Opel donated part of its property as a base for the Christophorus Emergency Helicopter Service operated by OEAMTC, Austria's largest automobile club. Another part of the former airfield now serves as a training facility for ARBOE, the other major Austrian automobile club.
An extension of the U-Bahn line U2 to Aspern opened in October 2010. There are plans for an artificial lake to be built with holiday houses and offices around it. The City of Vienna is trying to develop the former airfield. A move of the Vienna University of Technology to Aspern was considered, but the idea was discarded after University staff and students expressed their disapproval.
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Coordinates: 48°13′04″N 16°29′00″E / 48.21778°N 16.4833333°E
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Copyrights:
Oxford Companion to German Literature
The Oxford Companion to German Literature. Copyright © 1976, 1986, 1997, 2005 by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.
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Mentioned in
Los Papeles De Aspern
(1991 Film)
Marchfeld
(geographical area, Austria)
Charles
(archduke of Austria)
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