August 1

August 1 is the 213th day of the year (214th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 152 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 30 BC – Octavian (later known as Augustus) enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Republic.
• 69 – Batavian rebellion: The Batavians in Germania Inferior (Netherlands) revolt under the leadership of Gaius Julius Civilis.
• 527 – Justinian I becomes the sole ruler of the Byzantine Empire.
• 607 – Ono no Imoko is dispatched as envoy to the Sui court in China (Traditional Japanese date: July 3, 607).
• 902 – Taormina, the last Byzantine stronghold in Sicily, is captured by the Aghlabid army.
• 1203 – Isaac II Angelus, restored Eastern Roman Emperor, declares his son Alexius IV Angelus co-emperor after pressure from the forces of the Fourth Crusade.
• 1291 – The Old Swiss Confederacy is formed with the signature of the Federal Charter.
• 1498 – Christopher Columbus becomes the first European to visit what is now Venezuela.
• 1664 – The Ottoman Empire is defeated in the Battle of Saint Gotthard by an Austrian army led by Raimondo Montecuccoli, resulting in the Peace of Vasvár.
• 1759 – Seven Years' War: The Battle of Minden, an allied Anglo-German army victory over the French. In Britain this was one of a number of events that constituted the Annus Mirabilis of 1759 and is celebrated as Minden Day by certain British Army regiments.
• 1798 – French Revolutionary Wars: Battle of the Nile (Battle of Aboukir Bay) – Battle begins when a British fleet engages the French Revolutionary Navy fleet in an unusual night action.
• 1800 – The Act of Union 1800 is passed in which merges the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland into the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
• 1801 – First Barbary War: The American schooner USS Enterprise captures the Tripolitan polacca Tripoli in a single-ship action off the coast of modern-day Libya.
• 1831 – A new London Bridge opens.
• 1834 – Slavery is abolished in the British Empire as the Slavery Abolition Act 1833 comes into force.
• 1838 – Non-labourer slaves in most of the British Empire are emancipated.
• 1840 – Labourer slaves in most of the British Empire are emancipated.
• 1842 – The Lombard Street Riot erupts in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, US.
• 1855 – The first ascent of Monte Rosa, the second highest summit in the Alps.
• 1876 – Colorado is admitted as the 38th U.S. state.
• 1894 – The First Sino-Japanese War erupts between Japan and China over Korea.
• 1907 – The start of first Scout camp on Brownsea Island, the origin of the worldwide Scouting movement.
• 1914 – Germany declares war on Russia at the opening of World War I. The Swiss Army mobilises because of World War I.
• 1927 – The Nanchang Uprising marks the first significant battle in the Chinese Civil War between the Kuomintang and Communist Party of China. This day is commemorated as the anniversary of the founding of the People's Liberation Army.
• 1937 – Josip Broz Tito reads the resolution "Manifesto of constitutional congress of KPH" to the constitutive congress of KPH (Croatian Communist Party) in woods near Samobor.
• 1944 – The Warsaw Uprising against the Nazi occupation breaks out in Warsaw, Poland.
• 1957 – The United States and Canada form the North American Air Defense Command (NORAD).
• 1960 – Dahomey (later renamed Benin) declares independence from France.
• 1960 – Islamabad is declared the federal capital of the Government of Pakistan.
• 1964 – The Belgian Congo is renamed the Republic of the Congo.
• 1966 – Charles Whitman kills 16 people at The University of Texas at Austin before being killed by the police.
• 1966 – Purges of intellectuals and imperialists becomes official People's Republic of China policy at the beginning of the Cultural Revolution.
• 1968 – The coronation is held of Hassanal Bolkiah, the 29th Sultan of Brunei.
• 1974 – Cyprus dispute: The United Nations Security Council authorizes the UNFICYP to create the "Green Line", dividing Cyprus into two zones.
• 1975 – CSCE Final Act creates the Conference for Security and Co-operation in Europe.
• 1980 – Buttevant Rail Disaster kills 18 and injures dozens of train passengers in Ireland.
• 1980 – Vigdís Finnbogadóttir is elected President of Iceland and becomes the country's first democratically elected female head of state
• 1981 – MTV begins broadcasting in the United States and airs its first video, "Video Killed the Radio Star" by the Buggles.
• 1984 – Commercial peat-cutters discover the preserved bog body of a man, called Lindow Man, at Lindow Moss, Cheshire, North West England.
• 1993 – The Great Flood of 1993 comes to a peak.
• 2001 – Alabama Supreme Court Chief Justice Roy Moore has a Ten Commandments monument installed in the judiciary building, leading to a lawsuit to have it removed and his own removal from office.
• 2004 – A supermarket fire kills 396 people and injures 500 in Asunción, Paraguay.
• 2007 – The I-35W Mississippi River Bridge spanning the Mississippi River in Minneapolis, Minnesota, collapses during the evening rush hour.

Births

• 10 BC – Claudius, Roman Emperor (d. 54)
• 126 – Pertinax, Roman Emperor (d. 193)
• 1313 – Emperor Kōgon of Japan (d. 1364)
• 1377 – Emperor Go-Komatsu of Japan (d. 1433)
• 1545 – Andrew Melville, Scottish theologian and religious reformer (d. 1622)
• 1555 – Edward Kelley, English spirit medium (d. 1597)
• 1579 – Luís Vélez de Guevara, Spanish writer (d. 1644)
• 1626 – Sabbatai Zevi, Montenegrin rabbi, kabbalist, and founder of the Jewish Sabbatean movement (d. 1676)
• 1630 – Thomas Clifford, 1st Baron Clifford of Chudleigh, English statesman (d. 1673)
• 1713 – Charles I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (d. 1780)
• 1714 – Richard Wilson, Welsh painter (d. 1782)
• 1738 – Jacques François Dugommier, French general (d. 1794)
• 1744 – Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, French scientist (d. 1829)
• 1770 – William Clark, American explorer (d. 1838)
• 1779 – Francis Scott Key, American lawyer and lyricist (d. 1843)
• 1779 – Lorenz Oken, German naturalist (d. 1851)
• 1815 – Richard Henry Dana, Jr., American lawyer, politician, and author (d. 1882)
• 1818 – Maria Mitchell, American astronomer (d. 1889)
• 1819 – Herman Melville, American writer (d. 1891)
• 1837 – Mary Harris "Mother" Jones, American labor organizer (d. 1930)
• 1843 – Robert Todd Lincoln, son of Abraham Lincoln; 35th United States Secretary of War (d. 1926)
• 1856 – George Coulthard, Former Australian rules footballer and cricketer (d. 1883)
• 1858 – Hans Rott, Austrian composer (d. 1884)
• 1858 – Gaston Doumergue, French President (d. 1937)
• 1861 – Sammy Jones, Former Australian cricketer (d. 1951)
• 1871 – John Lester, American cricketer (d. 1969)
• 1885 – George de Hevesy, Hungarian chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1966)
• 1881 – Otto Toeplitz, German mathematician (d. 1940)
• 1885 – George de Hevesy, Hungarian radiochemist and Nobel laureate (d. 1966)
• 1889 – Walter Gerlach, German physicist (d. 1979)
• 1891 – Karl Kobelt, Swiss politician (d. 1968)
• 1892 – Kinsan Ginsan, Japanese identical twins who lived to ages 107 and 108, respectively.
• 1893 – King Alexander I of Greece (d. 1920)
• 1894 – Ottavio Bottecchia, Italian cyclist (d. 1927)
• 1900 – Otto Nothling, Former Australian cricketer and rugby union footballer (d. 1965)
• 1901 – Pancho Villa, Filipino world boxing champion (d. 1925)
• 1907 – Eric Shipton, British mountaineer (d. 1977)
• 1910 – James Henry Govier, British artist (d. 1974)
• 1910 – Walter Scharf, American composer (d. 2003)
• 1910 – Mohammad Nissar, Indian cricketer (d. 1963)
• 1911 – Jackie Ormes, American cartoonist (d. 1985)
• 1912 – Henry Jones, American actor (d. 1999)
• 1914 – J. Lee Thompson, British film director (d. 2002)
• 1916 – Anne Hébert, French Canadian author and poet (d. 2000)
• 1916 – Fiorenzo Angelini, Italian cardinal
• 1921 – Jack Kramer, American tennis player (d. 2009)
• 1923 – Val Bettin, American voice actor
• 1924 – Marcia Mae Jones, American actress (d. 2007)
• 1924 – Frank Worrell, Former West Indian cricketer (d. 1967)
• 1925 – Ernst Jandl, Austrian writer (d. 2000)
• 1926 – Theo Adam, German bass-baritone
• 1929 – Hafizullah Amin, Afghan communist leder (d. 1979)
• 1929 – Ann Calvello, Roller Derby queen (d. 2006)
• 1930 – Pierre Bourdieu, French sociologist (d. 2002)
• 1930 – Lionel Bart, English song-writer (d. 1999)
• 1930 – Julie Bovasso, American actor and writer (d. 1991)
• 1930 – Károly Grósz, Hungarian politician (d. 1996)
• 1931 – Trevor Goddard, Former South African cricketer
• 1931 – Ramblin' Jack Elliott, American folk musician
• 1932 – Meir Kahane, American founder of the Jewish Defense League (d. 1990)
• 1932 – Meena Kumari, Indian film actress (d. 1972)
• 1933 – Dom DeLuise, American actor and comedian (d. 2009)
• 1933 – Jesse Corti, Venezuelan-born actor and comedian
• 1933 – Masaichi Kaneda, Japanese baseball player
• 1933 – Dušan Třeštík, Czech historian (d. 2007)
• 1934 – John Beck, Former New Zealand cricketer (d. 2000)
• 1935 – Geoff Pullar, Former England cricketer
• 1936 – W.D. Hamilton, British evolutionary biologist (d. 2000)
• 1936 – Yves Saint Laurent, French fashion designer (d. 2008)
• 1937 – Al D'Amato, United States Senator from New York
• 1940 – Mervyn Kitchen, Former Somerset cricketer and cricket international umpire
• 1940 – Ram Loevy, Israeli screenwriter and director
• 1941 – Étienne Roda-Gil, French songwriter and screenwriter (d. 2004)
• 1941 – Ron Brown, 30th U.S. Secretary of Commerce and 40th Chairman of the Democratic National Committee (d. 1996)
• 1942 – Jerry Garcia, American musician (The Grateful Dead) (d. 1995)
• 1942 – André Gagnon, French Canadian pianist and composer
• 1942 – Giancarlo Giannini, Italian actor
• 1944 – Andrew G. Vajna, Hungarian-American film producer
• 1945 – Douglas D. Osheroff, American physicist, Nobel laureate
• 1945 – Sandi Griffiths, American singer, The Lawrence Welk Show
• 1946 – Fiona Stanley, Australian epidemiologist
• 1946 – Rick Coonce, rock drummer for The Grass Roots
• 1946 – Boz Burrell, British musician (King Crimson, Bad Company) (d. 2006)
• 1947 – Chris L. Barnard, Welsh footballer
• 1947 – Dennis Zine, Los Angeles city councilman
• 1949 – Kurmanbek Bakiyev, President of Kyrgyzstan
• 1949 – Ray Nettles, professional football player (d. 2009)
• 1950 – Jim Carroll, American poet and actor (d. 2009)
• 1950 – Bunkhouse Buck, American professional wrestler
• 1951 – Tommy Bolin, American musician (Deep Purple) (d. 1976)
• 1951 – Pete Mackanin, American baseball player
• 1952 – Zoran Đinđić, Prime Minister of Serbia (d. 2003)
• 1952 – Yajurvindra Singh, Former Indian cricketer
• 1953 – Robert Cray, American singer
• 1953 – Howard Kurtz, American journalist
• 1954 – James Gleick, American author, journalist, and biographer
• 1954 – Benno Möhlmann, German footballer
• 1955 – Trevor Berbick, Jamaican boxer (d. 2006)
• 1955 – Arun Lal, Former Indian cricketer
• 1956 – Tom Leykis, American radio personality
• 1958 – Rob Buck, American musician (10,000 Maniacs) (d. 2000)
• 1958 – Tor Håkon Holte, Norwegian cross country skier
• 1958 – Michael Penn, American singer and songwriter
• 1958 – Kiki Vandeweghe, American basketball player
• 1959 – Joe Elliott, English musician (Def Leppard)
• 1959 – Otomo Yoshihide, Japanese musician
• 1960 – Chuck D, American activist and rapper (Public Enemy)
• 1960 – Suzi Gardner, guitarist and songwriter (L7)
• 1962 – Jacob Matlala, South African boxer
• 1962 – Jesse Borrego, American actor
• 1963 – Coolio, American rapper
• 1963 – Demián Bichir, Mexican actor
• 1963 – John Carroll Lynch, American actor
• 1963 – Koichi Wakata, Japanese astronaut
• 1963 – Lynette Sadleir, New Zealand Olympic synchronised swimmer
• 1963 – Dean Wareham, New Zealand musician (Galaxie 500, Luna, Dean and Britta)
• 1964 – Adam Duritz, American musician (Counting Crows)
• 1965 – Sam Mendes, British stage and film director
• 1966 – James St. James, American author and nightlife personality
• 1967 – Gregg Jefferies, American baseball player
• 1968 – Dan Donegan, American musician (Disturbed)
• 1968 – Stacey Augmon, American basketball player
• 1968 – Shigetoshi Hasegawa, Japanese baseball player
• 1969 – Kevin Jarvis, American baseball player
• 1969 – David Wain, American actor
• 1969 – Graham Thorpe, Former England cricketer
• 1970 – David James, English footballer
• 1972 – Devon Hughes, American professional wrestler
• 1972 – Nicke Royale, Swedish musician (The Hellacopters)
• 1972 – Tanya Reid, Canadian actress
• 1973 – Gregg Berhalter, American footballer
• 1973 – Tempestt Bledsoe, American actress
• 1973 – Veerle Dejaeghere, Belgian athlete
• 1973 – Eduardo Noriega, Spanish actor
• 1973 – Edurne Pasaban, Spanish mountaineer
• 1974 – Beckie Scott, Canadian cross-country skiing athlete
• 1975 – Teresa Mak, Hong Kong actress
• 1976 – Søren Jochumsen, Danish footballer
• 1976 – Nwankwo Kanu, Nigerian footballer
• 1976 – Hasan Şaş, Turkish footballer
• 1976 – Cristian Stoica, Romanian-born Italian rugby player
• 1977 – Marc Denis, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1977 – Damien Saez, French musician, songwriter, and author
• 1977 – Yoshi Tatsu, Japanese professional wrestler and boxer
• 1978 – Dhani Harrison, English musician
• 1978 – Edgerrin James, American football player
• 1978 – Andy Blignaut, Former Zimbabwean cricketer
• 1979 – Junior Agogo, Ghanaian footballer
• 1979 – Jason Momoa, American actor
• 1979 – Honeysuckle Weeks, Welsh-born actress
• 1980 – Mancini, Brazilian footballer
• 1981 – Stephen Hunt, Irish footballer
• 1981 – Ashley Parker Angel, American singer and actor
• 1982 – Ai Tominaga, Japanese model and actress
• 1983 – David Gervasi, Swiss decathlete
• 1984 – Valery Ortiz, Puerto Rican actress
• 1984 – Bastian Schweinsteiger, German footballer
• 1984 – Francesco Gavazzi, Italian cyclist
• 1985 – Adam Jones, American baseball player
• 1985 – Stuart Holden, American footballer
• 1986 – Lucas Simón, Argentine footballer
• 1986 – Anton Stralman, Swedish ice hockey player
• 1986 – Andrew Taylor, English footballer
• 1986 – Elena Vesnina, Russian tennis player
• 1987 – Sébastien Pocognoli, Belgian footballer
• 1987 – Lee Wallace, Scottish footballer
• 1987 – Rumi Hiiragi, Japanese actress
• 1989 – Tiffany (Stephanie Hwang), American-born South Korean singer (Girls' Generation)
• 1989 – Madison Bumgarner, American baseball player
• 1990 – Jack O'Connell, English actor (Skins)
• 1991 – Marco Puntoriere, Italian footballer
• 1993 – Leon Thomas III, American actor
• 1998 – Khamani Griffin, American actor

Deaths

• 30 BC – Mark Antony, Roman politician and general (b. 83 BC)
• 371 – St Eusebius of Vercelli, Italian bishop (b. 283)
• 527 – Emperor Justin I (b. 450)
• 1137 – King Louis VI of France (b. 1081)
• 1227 – Shimazu Tadahisa, Japanese warlord (b. 1179)
• 1252 – Giovanni da Pian del Carpine, Italian explorer (b. c.1180)
• 1402 – Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York, son of Edward III of England (b. 1341)
• 1457 – Lorenzo Valla, Italian humanist (b. c.1406)
• 1464 – Cosimo de' Medici, ruler of Florence (b. 1386)
• 1541 – Simon Grynaeus, German theologian (b. 1493)
• 1546 – Peter Faber, French Jesuit theologian (b. 1506)
• 1557 – Olaus Magnus, Swedish writer (b. 1490)
• 1580 – Albrecht Giese, German politician and diplomat (b. 1524)
• 1589 – Jacques Clément, French assassin of Henry III of France (b. 1567)
• 1675 – Weetamoo, sachem of Pocasetts, a band of the Wampanoag Indians her death winding up the end of King Philip's War (b. 1635)
• 1714 – Queen Anne of Great Britain (b. 1665)
• 1787 – Saint Alphonsus Maria de Liguori, Italian founder of the Redemptionist order (b. 1696)
• 1795 – Clas Bjerkander, Swedish meteorologist, botanist, and entomologist(b. 1735)
• 1796 – Robert Pigot, British army officer (b. 1720)
• 1798 – François-Paul Brueys D'Aigalliers, French admiral (killed in battle) (b. 1753)
• 1807 – John Walker, British lexicographer (b. 1732)
• 1812 – Yakov Kulnev, Russian general (killed in battle) (b. 1763)
• 1851 – William Joseph Behr, German writer (b. 1775)
• 1866 – John Ross (aka. Kooweskoowe), Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation (b. 1790)
• 1903 – Calamity Jane, American frontierswoman (b. 1853)
• 1911 – Samuel Arza Davenport, American politician (b. 1843)
• 1911 – Edwin Austin Abbey, American painter (b. 1852)
• 1917 – Frank Little, American labor organizer (lynched) (b. 1879)
• 1918 – John Riley Banister, American cowboy and Texas Ranger (b. 1854)
• 1920 – Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Indian nationalist leader (b. 1856)
• 1922 – Donát Bánki, Hungarian mechanical engineer (b. 1856)
• 1929 – Syd Gregory, Australian cricketer (b. 1870)
• 1938 – John Aasen, American actor (b. 1890)
• 1943 – Lydia Litvyak, Soviet female flying ace (b. 1921)
• 1944 – Manuel L. Quezon, First President of the Philippine Commonwealth (b. 1878)
• 1945 – Gyula Csortos, Hungarian film actor (b. 1883)
• 1966 – Charles Whitman, American mass murderer (shot by police) (b. 1941)
• 1967 – Richard Kuhn, Austrian chemist, Nobel Prize Laureate (b. 1900)
• 1970 – Frances Farmer, American actress (b. 1913)
• 1970 – Otto Heinrich Warburg, German physician and physiologist, Nobel Prize Laureate (b. 1883)
• 1973 – Gian Francesco Malipiero, Italian composer (b. 1882)
• 1973 – Walter Ulbricht, German communist statesman (b. 1893)
• 1974 – Ildebrando Antoniutti, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1898)
• 1977 – Francis Gary Powers, American spy plane pilot (b. 1929)
• 1980 – Patrick Depailler, French Formula 1 driver (b. 1944)
• 1980 – Strother Martin, American actor (b. 1919)
• 1981 – Paddy Chayefsky, American writer (b. 1923)
• 1989 – John Ogdon, British pianist (b. 1937)
• 1990 – Norbert Elias, German sociologist (b. 1897)
• 1990 – Graham Young, British serial killer (b. 1947)
• 1996 – Frida Boccara, French singer (b. 1940)
• 1996 – Tadeus Reichstein, Polish chemist, Nobel Prize Laureate (b. 1897)
• 1996 – Lucille Teasdale-Corti, Canadian physician and international aid worker (b. 1929)
• 1997 – Sviatoslav Richter, Ukrainian pianist (b. 1915)
• 1998 – Eva Bartok, Hungarian-born actress (b. 1927)
• 1999 – Nirad C. Chaudhuri, Indian-born writer (b. 1897)
• 2001 – Korey Stringer, American football player (b. 1974)
• 2003 – Guy Thys, Belgian football coach (b. 1922)
• 2003 – Marie Trintignant, French actress (b. 1962)
• 2004 – Philip Abelson, American physicist, (b. 1913)
• 2004 – Alexandra Scott, founder of Alex's Lemonade Stand, (b. 1996)
• 2005 – Al Aronowitz, American music journalist (b. 1928)
• 2005 – King Fahd of Saudi Arabia (b. 1923)
• 2005 – Constant Nieuwenhuys, Dutch painter (b. 1920)
• 2005 – Wibo, Dutch cartoonist (b. 1918)
• 2006 – Jason Rhoades, American installation artist (b. 1965)
• 2006 – Bob Thaves, American cartoonist (b. 1924)
• 2006 – Iris Marion Young, American feminist and political scientist (b. 1949)
• 2006 – Ferenc Szusza, Hungarian football player (b. 1923)
• 2007 – Tommy Makem, Irish folk singer (b. 1932)
• 2008 – Harkishan Singh Surjeet, Indian politician (b. 1916)
• 2009 – Corazon Aquino, Former President of the Philippines (b. 1933)
• 2010 – Lolita Lebrón, Puerto Rican nationalist (b. 1919)
• 2010 – Eric Tindill, New Zealand rugby and cricket international player and referee/umpire (b. 1910)

Holidays and observances

• Armed Forces Day (Lebanon)
• Armed Forces Day or Anniversary of the Founding of the People's Liberation Army (People's Republic of China)
• Christian Feast Day:
  • Abgar V of Edessa (Syrian Church)
  • Alphonso Maria de' Liguori
  • Æthelwold of Winchester
  • Eusebius of Vercelli
  • Exuperius of Bayeux
  • Felix of Girona
  • Peter Apostle in Chains
  • August 1 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

• Celebration of the Slavery Abolition Act 1833 which ended the slavery in the British Empire, generally celebrated as a part of Carnival, as the Caribbean Carnival takes place at this time (British West Indies):
  • Earliest day on which Caribana celebration can fall, celebrated on the first Weekend of August. (Toronto)
  • Earliest day on which Emancipation Day can fall, celebrated on the first Monday of August. (Anguilla, the Bahamas, British Virgin Islands)
  • Emancipation Day (Barbados, Bermuda, Guyana, Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago)

• Earliest day on which Civic Holiday can fall; celebrated on the first Monday of August. (Canada)
• Earliest day on which Commerce Day, or Frídagur verslunarmanna, can fall; celebrated on the first Monday of August. (Iceland)
• Earliest day on which International Friendship Day can fall, celebrated on the first Sunday of August.
• Feast of Kamál (Perfection); First day of the eighth month of the Bahá'í calendar. (Bahá'í Faith)
• Liberation of Haile Selassie from slavery. (Rastafari movement)
• National Day, celebrates the independence of Benin from France in 1960.
• National Day, commemorates Switzerland becoming a single unit in 1291.
• Procession of the Cross and the beginning of Dormition Fast (Eastern Orthodoxy)
• Statehood Day (Colorado)
• The beginning of Autumn observances:
  • Lughnasadh, traditionally begins on the eve of August 1. (Gaels, Ireland, Scotland, Neopagans)
  • Lammas (England, Scotland, Neopagans)
• The first day of Carnaval del Pueblo (Burgess Park, London)
• Yorkshire Day (Yorkshire, England)
• World Scout Day, anniversary of the first day of the Brownsea Island Camp in 1907, where Robert Baden-Powell began scouting.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: August 1

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada